48352: Construction Materials - Concrete Duranility Design Project - Report Writing Engineering Assignment Help

Assignment Task:

The Project 

Sydney Metro is revolutionizing public transport in Australia and concrete is making it happen, as shown in Figure 1. The $8.3 billion project is a revolutionary computer-operated driverless train public transport system connecting the North West of Sydney. The work will commence on the manufacture of precast concrete segments which will line the inside of the new metro tunnels. Concrete is selected as the construction material after careful consideration of the visual impact of the structure on its service environment. Competing materials can provide the graceful curves, appealing form and durable robustness are required for this Sydney Metro tunnel structure. 

Concrete provides the above advantages for the construction of metro tunnel. As each boring machine advances, it places precast concrete tunnel lining segments in its rear position to shore and line the excavated rock. The lining concrete segments are grouted into positions providing the structural stability, soundness and waterproofing to the inside tunnel space. Automated computer operated driverless trains require a dependable, waterproof, stable tunnel configuration and it is the concrete segmental tunnel lining that makes the metro tunnel work and it is the precast concrete that delivers this in style, as shown in Figure 2. Precast concrete segments will be used in this new metro tunnel structure in Sydney.

The cross-section of this tunnel is shown in Figure 3. The internal and external radiuses are 2.975 m and 3.54 m, respectively. There are both circular and horizontal reinforcements. At the external surface, there is a 50 mm thick shotcrete layer.

Typical precast concrete segments manufactured in factories, which may be used for Sydney Metro tunnels are shown in Figure 3. 

A similar structure located nearby constructed 50 years ago, showed map pattern cracks of concrete, surface spalling and steel corrosion, as shown in Figure 5. These cracks and deteriorations may be due to alkali silica reaction (ASR), sulfate/acid attacks and chloride ion penetration in this coastal area. 

As a Materials Engineer for the project, you are required to produce a report that incorporates the concrete mix design, curing, strength, durability and material specifications. The following requirements have to be met based on the mix design of assignment 2: 

a) The tunnel is located in a coastal area containing sewages with chemical materials. For this new tunnel, to improve the durability and resisances to deteriorations indentified in Figure 5, what are the main considerations in your mix design for the precast concrete segment? b) Prepare a material specification for the above project considering durability requirements under the coastal areas. 

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