4ENT1068 - Fluid Mechanics & Thermodynamics - Report Writing Assessment Answer

Subject Code: 4ENT1068

Report Writing Assessment Answer

Assignment task: QUESTION ONE – FLUID MECHANICS 1 (a) A venturi meter is installed in a water main of diameter 20cm, the throat is 10cm in diameter. The calibration of the meter gives a coefficient of discharge of 0.98. The meter is connected to water-filled piezometers with a height difference of 250mm. Draw and label a diagram of the layout of the installation. What is the volume flow rate of water through the pipe in litres per second? (b) A quarter-scale version of the meter is installed in a university laboratory, if the flow rate is 2m3 /hr what would the height difference, in mm, be on a pair of piezometers attached in the pipe and throat? State any assumptions made. (c) What would be the velocity of water through the throat of the meter in the laboratory for the conditions given in part (b)? QUESTION TWO -- THERMODYNAMICS 2 (a) State the first law of thermodynamics appropriate to an OPEN system. Explain the physical significance of all the terms that appear in this equation; (10 marks) (b) A closed system contains an ideal gas. The gas undergoes a cycle consisting of three separate thermodynamic processes: Isobaric process: from state 1, where V1=0.3 m3, to state 2 where V2=0.9 m3; Isothermal compression process: from state 2 to state 3, where p3 is given as 3 bar; Isometric process: from state 3 to state 1. Neglecting changes in kinetic and potential energy of the gas, (i) Calculate p1 and sketch the cycle on a p-V diagram; (ii) Calculate the work done (in kJ) during each individual process, and hence calculate the total work done by the cycle; (iii) If the internal energy at state 2 is U2=200 kJ, and 250 kJ of heat Q2?3 is transferred into the gas during the isothermal process, calculate U3; (10 marks) (iv) If the internal energy at state 1 is U1=350 kJ, calculate the heat transfer during the isobaric process Q1?2

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