6201ENG – Air Quality Monitoring and Control

Air Quality Monitoring and Control

1. Carefully read through items 3.2A, 3.2B and 3.2C of Reading materials (can be downloaded from the Course) 

2. Choose a number of traverse points by using Figure 2 on page 3 and the information about stack diameters upstream and downstream from flow disturbance

3. Estimate locations of traverse points by using Table 1 on page 4 and fill the Table (item 3, p.1 )

4. Average numbers from the Table (item 7, p.1) and estimate the actual velocity of the air in the stack by using Equation (1) on the last page. All values used in Equation (1) are given except the molecular weight, which is supposed to be estimated as an additive of molecular weights of the components (air- 29; CO2 - 44; H2O - 18).

5. Volumetric % of H2O could be obtained from the diagram (1) on page 5. You are given dew-point temperature, which is related to 100% saturation of air. Then you consider the interception of the 100% saturation curve (highlighted by red) with the temperature line corresponding to your dew-point value (the

temperature line starts from vertical axis). Assuming that your dew point temperature is 30 degrees, the corresponding line is shown in green. From the interception point, you can draw a vertical line and get the amount in kg/kg of moisture in the air (see blue line). The result for 30 degrees dew point temperature is approximately 0.026 kg/kg. Then, you need to convert kg/kg to vol%. Use Ideal Gas Law to undertake this conversion. The next step is to subtract % contributions of CO2 (vol% of CO2 is given in item 6, p. 1) and H2O from 100% mixture to get the concentration of air (the fact that the concentration of oxygen could be lower than 21% due to combustion could be neglected).

6. The value estimated for the air velocity by Equation 1 represents the actual velocity of the hot gas in the stack. To estimate isokinetic suction flowrate (velocity of the gas in the stack must be the same as the velocity at the inlet to the sampling nozzle), firstly normalise parameters of the ait for 25 degr C (use Ideal Gas Law for this procedure) and then estimate the flow rate for the nozzle with the diameter provided in item 3 on p.2.

7. Estimate the total volume of the air sample and concentration of particles per 1 normal cubic meter.

8. The final product of your calculations is the Results table on page 2 with all numbers written in it

Overview of the Task

The assessment on Air Quality Monitoring and Control required students to apply engineering calculations and scientific reasoning to evaluate stack air properties. The major activities included:

1. Reviewing Core Readings – Study items 3.2A, 3.2B, 3.2C for theoretical grounding.
2. Selecting Traverse Points – Use diagrams and diameter data to locate sampling points.
3. Mapping Locations – Apply Table 1 to define exact traverse positions.
4. Calculating Air Velocity – Employ Equation (1) with estimated molecular weights of the gas mixture.
5. Determining Gas Composition – Convert dew-point data to volumetric percentages for H₂O, subtracting CO₂ and H₂O to find air concentration.
6. Isokinetic Flow Assessment – Normalize conditions to 25°C and estimate nozzle flowrate.
7. Sampling Analysis – Compute total sample volume and particle concentration per normal cubic meter.
8. Compiling Final Results – Summarise findings into the Results Table.

How the Mentor Guided the Process

The academic mentor supported the student through a structured approach, ensuring each calculation was understood rather than just completed.

Step 1 Familiarisation with Background Material

The mentor directed the student to carefully read the assigned sections (3.2A–3.2C), highlighting where principles of stack flow and disturbances were explained.

Step 2 Pinpointing Traverse Locations

Guidance was given on using Figure 2 and Table 1 to establish traverse points, with emphasis on correct interpretation of stack diameters.

Step 3 Applying Velocity Calculations

Equation (1) was broken down step by step, and the student was shown how to compute molecular weight contributions for air, CO₂, and H₂O.

Step 4 Working Out Moisture and Gas Mix

The mentor demonstrated how to use the dew-point graph for 30°C, interpret moisture content, and then convert it using the Ideal Gas Law. The CO₂ and H₂O shares were subtracted to determine effective air concentration.

Step 5 Flowrate Normalisation

The concept of isokinetic suction was explained in practical terms. The student then normalized gas properties to 25°C before calculating flow through the nozzle.

Step 6 Sample Volume and Particle Load

Calculations for total sample volume were guided step by step, leading into the estimation of particulate concentration per 1 Nm⊃3;.

Step 7 Consolidating Results

All outputs were organised neatly into the final Results Table, ensuring clarity and professional presentation.

Final Deliverable and Skills Gained

• Completed Output: The student successfully filled the Results Table with accurate data on stack velocity, gas composition, nozzle flowrate, sample volume, and particle concentration.
• Learning Outcomes:
  1. Built a strong grasp of air monitoring methodology.
  2. Applied the Ideal Gas Law to real-world air composition problems.
  3. Practiced interpreting engineering charts and dew-point diagrams.
  4. Enhanced capability in step-by-step technical calculations.
  5. Understood the importance of isokinetic sampling for reliable results.
  6. Gained experience in summarising complex data into tabular form for reporting.

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