Addictive Manufacturing in Health 4.0 Era: A Systematic Review - Health Assignment Help

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INTRODUCTION
Additive manufacturing (AM), also known with names 3D printing, Rapid prototyping and On demand Printing is considered to be one of the most important pillar of fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0)(D Amato 2015).The technology originated in 1981with fabrication of a solid printed model by Hideo Kodama followed by creation of 3D prototypes by Hull. The first application of 3D printing in field of Medicine happened not before 1990 with 3D printing of implants. Since then it has transformed the field of engineering and material science by doing more with less (Abid Haleem 2019).With advent of Additive manufacturing it has become possible to manufacture diverse objects from a digital model (Haleem and Javaid, 2019, Ventola, 2014) . AM consists of technologies that use Computer aided design softwares or 3D scanning system to build 3 dimensional objects by addition of various materials in a layered manner(Majh John P Lichtenberger 2018). The versatility of the technique lies in its ability to produce 3D images of different shapes, sizes and design (Jian, Daud, Liu). Manufacturing has become more flexible, productive, beneficial and less wasteful with advent of AM technologies (Almada Loba 2016, SW W).

 

OBJECTIVES
While AM has a wide application, its full capacity has still not been utilized. More research is therefore needed in this direction. The aim of present paper is to conduct a systematic review of literature regarding different applications of Additive manufacturing processes and 3D printing techniques in different arenas of healthcare industry. The analysis of the systematic reviews helps to identify and explore research issues that are either completely new or about which very little is known so that objective conclusions can be drawn. Therefore a well defined search strategy will be followed in this systematic review to explore various significant issues regarding implementation of 3D processes in healthcare industry. Cost- effectiveness of 3D printing processes in the near future will be thoroughly addressed. Relevant approaches will be suggested in this analysis that can be used for further application in the healthcare industry.

In addition, following questions will be addressed in the present study:
Q1: How has Additive manufacturing progressed in the healthcare sector over the last several years?
Q2: How cost-effective are the Additive manufacturing methods compared to conventional methods?
Q3: What are the different issues related to the application and execution of Additive manufacturing in healthcare?

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
After identification of research problem and research questions, inclusion and exclusion criteria and keywords for the selection of literature were defined by ensuring the relevance of the article to the research area. Information sources The relevant literature for the review was searched using seven databases viz. Cochrane, MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Science Direct because to their wide literature coverage and good rapport within the principal subject zones. “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA)” checklist was followed for literature search.

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