BFD105 - The Fundamental Principles of Chemistry With Biochemistry & Health - Science Assignment Help

Assignment Task - 

Learning Outcomes

a) Explore the fundamental principles of basic  chemistry as relevant to human biochemistry and  health science 

c) Describe the structure and function of major  biochemical groups including carbohydrates,  lipids and proteins 

d) Identify the structure and function of nucleic  acids in cells and describe DNA organisation and  replication 

e) Explain the structure of the biological membrane  and compare the associated forms of  transportation 

f) Describe the basic concepts of cell biology at the  cellular and molecular levels and briefly describe  cell differentiation.

Context: 

This assessment focuses on consolidating knowledge from Modules 1-6, inclusive. Upon  completion, students will develop a range of skills including: knowledge and understanding  research. Students will be able to exhibit depth of biochemistry knowledge by linking key  concepts to the biology of human cell and reflect on their understanding of the building blocks  of human body, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.

Instructions: 

This is a written response assignment covering content from modules 1-6, inclusive.  ? Students are required to create a response to each question by conducting research on the  given topics. The assessment should be completed in your own words and the presented information should be clear, concise and easy to understand adhering to academic style.  Please familiarise yourself with academic style writing prior to writing this report.

Part A- Carbohydrates 

1. Name the functional groups present in a galactose molecule and the link to water solubility  of this simple sugar. Where in nature can galactose be found? 

2. Identify the structure and function of starch. Which monosaccharide(s) is (are) the building  block of starch? Where in nature can starch be found? 

3. There are some similarities and differences in the structure and function of glycogen and  cellulose. Briefly compare these two substances and describe two major differences (in the  function) and two similarities of these substances.

4. Name two disaccharides and describe the digestion (hydrolysis) of these two disaccharides.  

5. Classify the following two carbohydrates and describe where they are found in nature:

•  Hyaluronic acid 
• Chitin 

Part B- Lipids 

1. What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids? Give an example for  each type of fatty acid, and include the structural formula.

2. Describe the structure of triacylglycerol (TAG) and explain the hydrolysis of TAGs. 

 3. Identify three major functions of lipids and name an example for each lipid. 

4. Explain the structure and the function of cell membrane. In your answer, include the  following: 

• a) the role of phospholipid 
• b) the role of cholesterol  
• c) the function(s) of protein 

5. What are bile acids? What is their role in digestion of lipids? 

Part C- Proteins 

1. Proteins are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the human body.  Describe four major functions of proteins in the human body with one example for each.  

2. Describe the primary level and quaternary level of protein structure in haemoglobin. 

3. Define denaturation of proteins and list four different ways to denature a protein? 

4. What is the function of an enzyme? What is the definition of the active site of an enzyme? 

5. Discuss the differences between simple and conjugated enzymes. In your answer, include  the categories of cofactors with examples. 

Part D- Nucleic acids/ cells/ transport 

1. Nucleic acids, DNA and RNA: 

• a. What is the main function of DNA in the cell? 
• b. Describe the structure of DNA. 
• c. List the three types of RNA and describe their functions.

2. Group the following compounds based on their presence in DNA or RNA.

• Guanine 
• D-Ribose 
• Thymine 
• Uracil 
• D- Deoxyribose 
• Cytosine 

3. Briefly explain the following three ways of transport across the cell membrane: simple  diffusion, facilitated diffusion and active transport .

4. Name the main function of mitochondria and ribosomes in the cell.

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