BIO260: Genetics and Molecular Biology - Drosophila Experiment - Science Assignment Help

Assignment Task:

Abstract:

Foythis laboratory, we had to work with a live specimen, and that is the drosophila fly that  is sci tifically called 'Drosophila melanogaster'. This fly was specifically chosen because it best de ribes the Mendalian ratios, and illustrates the modes of inheritance in a pattern similar to that` of h mans. In which all its enes_arrcanied on its 8 chromosomorineltxling the sex chromosomcsX Y' The purpose of this labo atoty was to allow us to recogniniffie morpho of the Drosophila fly, teach us how to practice onohybrid crosses in realty, txkl how  handle living organisms. 
In order to start the experiment, that aimed to let us explore the genes that responsible  for the mutant phenotypes, and whether they were dominant, recessive, or co-dominant. To assure us that then. mode ofinheritance, submit to the Mendelian ratios, and explains the laws of  independent assortment. Our instructors provided us with several flies that differed in thcir phenotypes, which gay.e.-ys the opportunity to create 6 different cultures. Each cul e containing-3. pairs of each sex, which are the P1 generation. vita:es/had to be checked regularly; to insure that when the Fl generation hatches there is no matting I. 'th the PI generation. As there is no  certain way for us to predict the exact timing for the eggs to hatch and develop. To determine  whether the results we attained  chi-square analysis.

Introduction: 
For this laboratory, we were to work with the Drosophila fly commonly known as the 'fruit fly'. It is known to be a widely_wd organism in the studies of biology and genetics; because of its small size, easy to h le, short life cycle, and high reproductive rate. The Drosophila fly is known to . /- have 8 chronosomes that were sequenced long ,wago. Like most of the organisms, the Drosophila El) known to be a di' organism, having the haploid number of chromosomes to be 01/4111617- 4. Its life cycle consists of four discrete stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Their growth is basically temperature dependent, and they complete their growth cycle in about 10 days at 25 degrees. So, their life cycle starts with the egg, the hatches several hours after it's laid. After it hatches, the larva stage begins which consists of 3 instars that differ in their sizes. Following the larval stage is the pupal stage, which requires 4 days to grow into the adult fly.

Discussion:

For our first cross, we mated the wild type with the wingless apterous type..kiwilate resulting offspring were all of wild type. Meaning that the allele that is responsible for that phenotype is recessive. And since that all the offspring were of wild phenotype that leads us to conclude that the wild parent was a homozygous dominant, and the apterous that is showing the phenotype is a homozygous recessive. In order for us to find out whether the allele is an autosomal inherited feature or if its sex linked, the data was submitted to a chi square analysis, by obtaining the degree of freedom to be 1, as we are testing to traits. We were able to calculate the p value, and there was no significant difference in inheriting the trait for either of the gender, knowing that the chance of having either sex is 5O%, and the count was 165:152 females to males. Which leads us to conclude that it is an autosomal recessive trait. Then, offspring from the Fl generations were crossed, to result in the F2 generation. The F2 count somehow results in apterous offspring, which leads us to conclude that both the parents are earners of the recessive allele. 

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