BIOL121 - Infected Cells - Epithelial Cells - Viral Replication - Biology Assessment Answer

BIOL121 - Infected Cells - Epithelial Cells - Viral Replication - Biology Assessment Answer 

Task:

QUESTION 1

• Which type of immunity is expressed in the following scenarios? Choose between:
•  Non-specific (first line defence)
•  Non-specific (second line defence)
• Specific (antibody-mediated)

Bacterial septicaemia (bacterial contamination in systemic circulation)

Mucous-coated hairs within the nose trap and filter microbes from inhaled air.

Interferons are released by virus-infected cells and interfere with viral replication.

A virus multiplies inside the epithelial cells in your throat.

QUESTION 2
Choose TWO of the below scenarios and highlight these rows bold. State which general property of adaptive immunity the scenario illustrates in the second column. Select ONE phrase (from the list below) that BEST describes what is happening at a cellular level to result in this property of adaptive immunity. Write the letter corresponding to this phrase in the third column.

QUESTION 3
Which bone cells would be MOST affected by an absence of parathyroid hormone? In you answer, you must explain the relationship between these cells and any subsequent effect upon blood calcium levels.

QUESTION 4
Define hypertrophy and use an example to explain how this term relates to skeletal muscle tissue.

QUESTION 5
Think about how the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system acts to maintain normal blood pressure. Susan has sustained damage to her adrenal glands. Consequently, her circulating levels of aldosterone are abnormally low. What do you expect the lack of aldosterone to do to Susan’s blood pressure? Explain your answer.

QUESTION 7
Haemophilia is the oldest known hereditary bleeding disorder. Explain why haemophilia is more commonly seen in males.

QUESTION 8
Describe the changes in volume and pressure inside the chest cavity during a normal, quiet inhalation.
A. Explain why these changes are occurring, and the effect upon airflow.

B. Is quiet inhalation an active process? Briefly explain your answer.

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