Highlights
To include:
Background:
Write a background section on the link between telomerase, anthraquinones and cancer chemotherapy (supported by suitable references). This should include statements on cationic (positively-charged) side chain substituents for DNA-binding to either duplex or quadruplex DNA. Also include comments on which anthraquinone substitution patterns are preferred for G-quadruplex stabilisation.
References:
List all supporting references cited in the background and R&D text, typically 6-10, in full, and in Harvard Style or similar. Numerical citations in the text are not acceptable. Complete references are required in the reference list, including all authors, year, article title, journal, volume and pages.
Results and Discussion:
The t.l.c. plate in Figure 1 shows two spots, one is red and the other circled one is uv active (at 254 nm).
i. List the Rf values for both spots, showing how the Rf values were calculated.
ii. Considering the experimental procedure for the synthesis of MSc-A, what is the likely identity of the uv active spot and why?
Question section: Show all calculations in full.
Q1. What are the molecular formula [e.g. CxHyOz etc] and relative molecular mass (RMM) of MSc-A and MSc-B and MSc-C? (MSc-A) (MSc-B) (MSc-C)
Q2. In reaction B, 0.25g of 1,5-dichloroanthraquinone was reacted with 4.5 mL of the amine [2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol]. After purification by solvent extraction and column chromatography, 0.018 g of a red solid of pure MSc-B was obtained. 1,5-Dichloroanthraquinone has a molecular weight (RMM) of 277.10 and 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol has a molecular weight (RMM) of 105.14 and density of 1.048 g/mL.
In answering the following questions, show all calculations in full.
a) How many moles of 1,5-dichloroanthraquinone were reacted on?
b) Convert the volume of 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol used (4.5 mL) to an amount in grams.
c) How many moles of 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol were used in the reaction?
d) What was the limiting reagent in this reaction and why?
e) In either grams or moles, how much of the excess reagent is left over if the reaction went to 100% completion?
f) How was the excess reagent removed?
g) Calculate the maximum theoretical yield of product MSc-B, based on 0.25 g of 1,5-dichloroanthraquinone starting material and what is the percentage yield of the reaction.
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