Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics

Assignment Task 

Introduction

There is a myriad of applications where the localization of interior surroundings is vital in the era of smart cities. Generally, indoor localization not only adds safety and security to the workplace, but it can also boost productivity. Indoor localization systems are based on a variety of positioning technologies and methodologies, which makes them useful for certain applications but cumbersome for others. The technologies available for indoor positioning systems (IPS) include Wi-Fi-based positioning systems (WPS), Bluetooth low energy (BLE) solutions, radio frequency identification (RFID)-based systems, ultra-wideband (UWP), and Zigbee technology [1] but they all have their own properties and considerations. The Wi-Fi technology has two main advantages: it is already installed in many areas, obviating the need for new network equipment and it has a larger range than alternative options. When positioning is based on signal fingerprinting, the fundamental disadvantage of Wi-Fi solutions is their low precision, which ranges from 5 to 15 meters. In order to improve its positioning accuracy, more access points are required to be deployed, which raises the deployment cost. Within the lifespan of RFID systems, its accuracy is the finest among all other technologies of a typical error less than 0.1 m without a need for a battery in the RFID tags. The narrow range (below 1 m) and the substantial and costly installation of many RFID readers to cover huge regions are its key drawbacks.

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