CCJ 2007: Sociology of Crime - White Collar Crime - Essay Writing Assignment Help

Assignment Task:

Choose ONE of the following research questions. You need to ensure that your work has focus, an argument and an analytical discussion. You should present a clear, thoughtful, reflective and well- presented piece of work. All essays should be carefully referenced with a complete reference list. 

Question One – White Collar Crime Media and policymakers often focus on violent or predatory crime, to the exclusion of other types of offenses. As we have discussed in lecture, however, white-collar crime arguably causes far greater harm than any other single offense type. Yet white-collar offenders are frequently not punished, or receive far less serious sanctions that other types of offenses, even where the harms of white-collar offenses may be significant. 

Write an essay that addresses the following underlined questions: 

1. How is white-collar crime currently understood? – Here you should look at how it is defined in existing criminological literature, its scope and offense types, and its individual and aggregate effects and harms on victims and society. 

2. What theories or perspectives contribute to our understanding of the lack of attention and enforcement given to this type of crime, and why? – Specifically, you should focus not on theories that explain such offending here, but rather theories or perspectives that explain why white-collar offending is not punished or enforced to the degree of other types of serious offending. 

3. Choose one recent (i.e. last 20 years) case of white-collar crime in Australia. Using the case you have chosen, address the following: 

a. Provide a one to two-paragraph summary of the case, including the nature of the offense and how it fits the definition of white-collar crime, the harms caused to victims, and the outcome of the case.

b. Analyze the case in terms of its offenders, victims, and outcomes. For example, was the outcome sufficient, in your option, in relation to the harms caused to victims? If so, why? If not, then what in your estimation were the primary factors that impeded a sufficient outcome? c. Discuss, if any, the larger social impacts or “secondary-victimization” of the case you have chosen. 

4. Drawing from your case study, what theory or theories of offending best explain the case study you have chosen? 

5. Finally, what are the implications from your case study and existing knowledge on what collar crime in terms of how to best reduce and/or respond to such offending? – Here you should draw from the arguments/analysis you have set forth in Questions 2, 3b, and 4 above to set forth one or two concrete proposals that can be effective in addressing this type of offending. You may draw from existing effective policy or enforcement approaches if you wish, as long as you provide a reference to them. 

Question Two – Domestic and Family Violence The recent horrific murder of Hannah Clarke and her children in Queensland have brought the problem of domestic and family violence (DFV) once again into the forefront of media and policy attention. One outcome of this has been visible public and policy debate on the causes of DFV, and the characteristics of offenders. In particular, this debate has most recently turned toward the question of whether DFV is an “offender problem” or a “gender problem” – for example in the recent federal parliamentary hearings into Australia’s family law system (see here for an overview of this debate https://tinyurl.com/rggwngs). These debates centre on the question of whether or not DFV is an offense that is more generally or evenly distributed between male and female offenders (often referred to as gender neutral or gender asymmetrical in the literature), or whether it is an offense that tends to be gendered, with men being the predominant offenders and with more serious harms to victims in their offending. 

Write an essay that addresses the following underlined questions: 

1. How is domestic and family violence currently understood and defined in existing research and literature? – Here you should pay attention not only to existing legal definitions, but also research and policy that takes into account non-physical definitions of domestic and family violence including emotional, psychological, and economic or monetary forms of abuse. 

2. Drawing from existing literature, research, and available data, summarize existing evidence and current knowledge on: 

a. The prevalence of offending by male and female DFV offenders – i.e. what does literature, data, and research suggest about the overall prevalence of DFV offenses by men and women?

b. The frequency and severity of offending by male and female domestic and family violence offenders – i.e. what does literature, data, and research suggest about the frequency (how often for individual offenders) and severity (i.e. how serious in terms of physical and non-physical harms) of DFV offending by men and women

c. Research on the context of domestic and family violence offending – i.e. what does existing literature, data, and research suggest about the social context or situations of offending by men and women? For example, is the violence perpetrated by men and women occurring against a backdrop of self-protection (i.e. defensive violence), or as part of an ongoing pattern of abuse within intimate relationships? Are these the same for male and female offenders, or different? 

3. Following on your analysis above, make an argument as to whether or not DFV should more rightly be characterized as an offending problem (i.e. more gender-neutral or gender asymmetrical) or as a gendered problem (i.e. men being the predominant offenders). Please make sure to support your argument with sufficient reference to existing literature, research, and data from Question 2 above. 

4. Finally, following on your analysis and argument above, which theoretical perspective or perspectives best explain domestic violence? Here you are free to draw from any existing criminological or sociological theories, not just those we cover in class. However, your use of theory should fit as closely as possible with your summary of existing research and data (question 2) and your argument (question 3) above. 

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