CHCECE010: Support Holistic Development In Childcare - Research Paper Assessment Answer

Subject Code: CHCECE010 Internal Code: 1AIBIH

Support Holistic Development In Childcare - Research Paper Assessment Answer

Assignment Task: The Role of Healthy Relational Interactions in Buffering the Impact of Childhood Trauma Humans are social creatures. We live, work, and grow up in social groups. For the vast majority of the last 200,000 years, humans have lived in multigenerational, multifamily hunter-gatherer bands characterized by a rich and continuous relational milieu; the concept of personal space and privacy is relatively new. Child mortality during our history was high; children were highly valued by the band and in these groups of 40 -60 members, there were roughly four developmentally more mature potential caregivers for each child under the age of 6. This enriched relational ratio helped the group protect, nurture, educate, and enrich the lives of each developing child. These living groups were the source of safety and sustenance for individuals in a dangerous world. Survival depended upon the ability to communicate, bond, and share with and receive from other members of the band. Then, as today, the presence of familiar people projecting the social-emotional cues of acceptance, understanding, compassion, and empathy calmed the stress response of the individual. Maltreatment of children is a prevalent social problem. The National Clearinghouse on Child Abuse and Neglect reported that in 2002 an estimated 896,000 children were the victims of child abuse or neglect. Child physical abuse is defined as non-accidental injury (including bruises, welts, cuts, burns, broken bones, or other tissue damage) to the child inflicted by a parent or a caregiver in a parenting role. Child neglect is defined as the failure of a parent or a caregiver in a parenting role to provide adequate supervision, safety, medical care, education, or other necessities to the child. Although a large number of studies have examined risk factors for child maltreatment, the findings of these studies are inconclusive. In addition, although child neglect has been consistently shown to be the most frequently substantiated type of child maltreatment, research on child neglect is limited (Schumacher, Slep & For many, childhood is a very violent time; for others, childhoodHeyman, 2001). However, the research that has been conducted (e.g., McDonald & Marks, 1991) indicates that while there is some overlap in factors related to abuse and neglect, the best prediction of re-abuse is attained when abuse and neglect are analyzed separately. Therefore, the present study summarizes the literature on child physical abuse and neglect and uses a meta-analytic design to determine the strength of the relationship between each risk factor and abuse or neglect across the literature as a whole. While other types of child maltreatment have been examined in the literature, i.e., child sexual abuse, emotional abuse and undifferentiated child maltreatment, the focus of this review is limited to two types of child maltreatment, i.e., child physical abuse and child neglect. THE IMPACT OF CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES The experiences of early life have the profound ability to shape the infant, child, adolescent, and ultimately the adult. Each child has his or her own unique genetic potential, yet this potential is expressed differentially depending upon the nature, timing, and patterns of developmental experience (see Perry, 2001, 2002). An understanding of how early experiences shape neurodevelopment is imperative if we seek to impact the lives of children with whom we live and work. This is especially true in the case of children growing up in homes plagued by violence, maltreatment, and neglect.

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