CHEE3634 - CSTR Model & A Mass Balance on Cells & The Substrate In CSTR Operated - Engineering Assignment Help

Assignment Task -       

Question 1: Hint: Try to approach this one as a conceptual problem, not just by equations. A 1 Litre CSTR reactor operated at atmospheric pressure is used to neutralize a stream of 50 mol% Nitric Acid in Water flowing at 1 kg/h by feeding a second stream to the reactor containing 70 mol% NaOH in Water at a flow rate sufficient to provide a stoichiometric feed of  NaOH. The reactor has two outlets: a liquid outlet containing the resulting salts from the neutralization, and a vapor outlet containing steam generated by the excess heat released. Given  the following information, determine the volumetric flow rate of steam leaving the reactor (in  m3/h) and the total molar flow rate and mole fraction of NaNO3 leaving liquid exit of the reactor  at steady-state: 

All streams enter and exit the reactor at 100°C and atmospheric pressure - The boiling point of water is unaffected by the presence of the salts in solution - All salts formed by the neutralization leave in the liquid stream 

 The neutralization is instantaneous, reacting to completion immediately - The heat of neutralization of HNO3 is -55.8 kJ/mol 

You are responsible for finding appropriate thermodynamic and physical properties to complete this problem. Cite your sources. 

Question 2: 

The growth of bacteria to form a product, P, is carried out in a 25 dm3 CSTR. The bacteria  consume the nutrient substrate to generate more cells and the desired product: 

Substrate → More Cells + Product, catalyzed by cells currently in the system 

The CSTR was initially inoculated with bacteria and now has reached a steady state. Only substrate (nutrient) is fed to the reactor at a volumetric rate of 5 dm3/h and a concentration of 30  g/dm3. The growth law of the cells, RG (grams cells / (h dm3)), is expressed as:

=???????????????? 

???? + ???? 

Where µmax = 0.5hr-1and Km = 5 g/ dm3. The rate of substrate consumption is related to growth rate  by: 

−???? = ????/?????? 

Where YS/C is the grams of substrate consumed per gram of cells produced, 1.25 for this system.  (a) Write a mass balance on the cells and the substrate in the CSTR operated at a steady state.

(b) Solve the cell mass balance for the cell, CC, and substrate, CS, concentration in the reactor. (c) How would your answers to (b) change if the volumetric feed rate were cut in half? 

(d) How would your answers to (b) change if the CSTR volume were reduced by a factor of three? 

Question 3: 

You have been provided a copy of a transient CSTR model with this assignment on bright space.  Using this excel sheet, answer the following questions: 

1) Create a plot of steady-state conversion and CD/CC vs. CA0 for CA0 = 0 to 0.1. If you were told that at most your outlet product stream could contain 1 mol% of D, what is the maximum feed concentration of A you could use for this reactor? 

2) Is the formation of C over D preferred at lower or higher feed concentrations of A? Why? 3) Try to find the solution for CA0 = 0.2. What happens in the excel sheet? Why? What do you need to adjust to being able to solve this? What heuristic would you suggest you should use in problems using Euler’s method to address this problem?

HNO3: deltaH = -174.1 kJ/mol, cp =109.9 J/molK H2O: deltaH = -285.8 kJ/mol, cp = 75.3 J/molK NaOH: 

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