Computer Aided - Frequency Regulator Block - Generator Electrical Power - Case Study

Assessment Task:

Computer Aided - Frequency Regulator Block - Generator Electrical Power - Case Study 

Case Study
The main objective of the assignment is to simulate dynamic performance of a typical fixed-speed autonomous wind-diesel energy conversion system (WECS) for remote geographical areas isolated from a conventional utility grid. A structural block diagram (Fig. 1) and details of such a system are presented in the Appendix. The 3- phase WECS considered consists of a classical wound-rotor diesel synchronous generator, a wind turbine driving a cage induction generator, a Y-connected customer load, and a variable secondary load. The power system is initially operated in steady state supplying the main load only, and an additional load is switched on at 0.3 s time instant by closing the circuit breaker. You are expected to analyse the system transient response to this step load change by computer simulations and make the relevant conclusions/observations from the results obtained.

Tasks
(1) How are the voltage and frequency control achieved in the WECS of Fig. 1 at low (say, 5 m/s or 6 m/s) and high (e.g. 11 m/s) wind speeds? Identify the respective operating modes of the synchronous machine under these two wind
conditions? Explain your answers.

(2) Study the classical d-q theory of 3-phase synchronous generators and 3-phase induction generators, and write the respective dynamic model equations in a rotor reference frame defining the meanings of ALL the parameters used.
Ignore iron losses and magnetic saturation.

(3) Show a structural diagram and explain the main function(s) of the Discrete Frequency Regulator block in Fig. 1.

(4) Implement the block diagram of Fig. 1 in Matlab/Simulink environment and run the simulations for 5 s (with a sudden load change occurring at 0.3 s) at a wind speed of 11 m/s using the ode23tb numerical integration routine. Assume a linear magnetic circuit of the machines i.e. do not simulate saturation effects.
Present and discuss the generated waveforms for the following performance indicators in your report: voltages [pu], currents [pu] and real powers [kW] (for: consumer load, induction generator and secondary load), reactive power of the
synchronous machine [kVAr], induction machine speed [pu], and system line frequency [Hz].

(5) Using the above results and the information provided in Fig. 2, estimate the power factor of the induction generator in steady-state after connecting the additional 50 kW load. Compare the numerical (i.e. from your computer
simulations) and analytical (i.e. model predictions using an approximate equivalent circuit and ignoring magnetising reactance) solutions for the induction generator electrical power under these operating conditions.

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