Constitution of the World Health Organization

Assignment Task 

Introductions 

TB affects about 10 million people every year and is the world’s top infectious killer (World Health Organisation, 2022). The most common cause of tuberculosis is Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, an infectious bacterium that causes the lungs to inflame and spreads from person to person through the air (World Health Organisation, 2022). Globally, TB primarily affects adults however, all age groups are at risk, especially people with weaker immune systems, or active smokers (World Health Organisation, 2022).

Why Tuberculosis Still Remains An Issue In Australia

Since the second half of the 19th century, Indigenous Australians have suffered higher Tuberculosis rates than non-Indigenous Australians, a result of the changing lifestyle (Cormier et al., 2019). Social inequalities persist among many Indigenous people, particularly in remote areas who still live semi-nomadic lives with low levels of education, unemployment, income, health care, crowded living conditions, malnutrition, substance abuse, and psychological stress (Cormier et al., 2019). A major barrier to accessing health care and achieving treatment among Indigenous Australians is lack of education and stigma, another social determinant of health (Craig et al., 2017). While 44% of Australia's tuberculosis cases were among Indigenous Australians, only 7% of cases were non-Indigenous (Meumann et al., 2021). Additionally, compared to other Australians, the death rate among Indigenous Australians was significantly greater. Studies predict that Indigenous Australians will continue to be impacted by tuberculosis despite a reduced incidence rate until these disparities are addressed (Craig et al., 2019).

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