COUN7012 - Counselling Children and Young People - Critical Review of an Intervention Used with Child - Essay Writing Assessment Answer

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COUN7012 - Counselling Children and Young People - Critical Review of an Intervention Used with Child - Essay Writing Assessment Answer
Task:

This assignment requires you to write a critical review of an intervention employed in working with children and/or young people. Often practitioners employ interventions with children without full consideration for whether or not the intervention is actually likely to be effective. It is vital that students are able to carry out a critical review of a proposed approach that involves both a consideration of available literature but also recognizes the practical issues involved in offering an intervention.
You are to choose an intervention used with children and/or young people and critically review it, and on the basis of the review, make recommendations for its use or not, and in which situations and under what conditions would you recommend its use. An intervention is a general approach not just a single program. The intervention may form the basis of a program but it is the intervention more broadly you are looking at eg., CBT for phobias in children, or group work among obese or bereaved children, or dialectical therapy among offenders, or behaviour modification for autism. Your aim in writing this review is to provide the most up-to-date, well-researched information to produce an objective well-rounded evaluation of an intervention. It is also to include your recommendations for use in the intervention based on the evidence and what is known about the constraints of using the intervention in setting of clinical practice.
A critical review requires much deeper thought than either describing or discussing something. To critically review an intervention, you need to search very widely for evidence, and think about what you read with a very critical, even sceptical, mind.
As you think, your brain should be asking questions like:

  •  It says this, but is it possible that there is another reason for the findings they have made?
  •  Could other things not related to the intervention have led to their results?
  •  Is there another explanation for these results from what someone else has said?
  •  Is it done on a realistic basis?
  •  Who is included/excluded in the particiants used in the study?
  •  Do the facts and the results actually back up their opinions?
  •  Did this work because it was tested under conditions that don't reflect reality?
  •  Will this work among a different more problematic population?
  •  Is this tested on real life situations or under simply very controlled situations?
  •  How did they measure what they said they were measuring? Was this really useful and valid?
  •  Are the outcomes really very limited compared to the reality of the problem in the person?
  •  Does it take into account other really important variables that may affect the likely success of this intervention?
  •  How much art of the therapist may be involved (both financially and in time and strain on clients) for those undertaking it?
  •  It is just shown to be effective with one group or is it compared to other kinds of interventrions for this group?
  •  How do we really know it is the intervention that made the changes or could it have been something else like common factors?
  •  Does it have to be done by professionals, or could counsellors support its wider implementation using paraprofessionals or other media beyond face-to-face counselling?

To critically review an intervention, one needs to say what evidence (usually from other research) supports the use of the intervention and what evidence contradicts it. You need to get a wide view of the evidence. Then you can argue for a particular conclusion to be drawn backed up by facts, not just opinions. It is vital you present empirical studies to support your argument and not rely solely on theorists arguing for their ideas or opinion articles. If there is little empirical evidence for the intervention, you need to indicate how you discovered this such as through searching and suggest why this may be the case as well as the implications of such. Critically reviewing also means thinking clearly about how people gained the evidence and if that approach is feasible in a practical setting. For example, was an intervention for trauma among children only carried out in a high SES area among intact families or was it carried out among childrren living in domestic violence or high conflict zones? Was the evidence as the result of just one research group who may have got a lot of money for research and so could produce the evidence, or is it found across a large number of settings, research groups and countries perhaps? Does it have any relevance to cultures beyond white affluent western cultures?
In an ordinary conversation, critically reviewing something is a bit like a judge trying to see both sides of the story reported from the personal perspectives of two different people and trying to work out what the real truth of the situation is from the real and solid evidence produced. The judge will also know that both sides are trying to win him over so he will be looking for how they may be using the facts to support them and refusing to note issues or evidence that may conflict with their position. He will also know that there is right on both sides of the argument and that this has to be weighed carefully.
The review therefore would need to include:COUN7012

  •  A descriptive overview of the intervention and the theoretical foundations on which it is based. This link to theory of the intervention is vital in helping to understand the rationale underlying the processes/activities used in the intervention and hence how the intervention is said to be carried out in the study (ie., how the theory is operationalised).
  •  A review of the literature concerning the evidence both in support and critical of the intervention among various groups of childrren or young people and situations.
  •  A critical evaluation of the intervention with considerations of the restrictions of its use in clinical practice. Recommendations for the ongoing evaluation of its effectiveness in individual and small scale clinical practice should be considered also.
  •  Your recommendations for implementation of the intervention with children and/or young people.

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