COVID-19 Epidemic & Global Governance - Nursing Assignment Help

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The COVID-19 epidemic has sent economic and social shockwaves reverberating across the globe, and has shaken governance institutions at every level and across a range of issues, from trade to health and climate change. An important question is whether COVID will accelerate, slow, or perhaps reverse some key trends in global governance. Most prominently, the global and multilateral governance regimes that developed post-World War II were already weakening and fragmenting before COVID (Acharya, 2016). In a closely related phenomenon, cosmopolitan liberalism, as a set of institutions and ideologies committed to a democratic open society, human rights, and multiculturalism, has also retreated in the face of rising populism and authoritarianism in recent years (Norris and Inglehart, 2019). COVID could also affect a third important trend, the decline of state regulation and the rise of private, voluntary, and disclosure-based governance (Levy et al., 2010). The impact of COVID on these trends suggests some fruitful new directions for scholars of global governance and organizations. The Retreat from Multilateral Governance and the Rise of Economic Nationalism The retreat from global and multilateral modes of governance was already well underway during the prior decade, as evidenced in the US withdrawal from multiple treaties and organizations, the rise in trade protectionism, and the 2009 collapse of efforts to strengthen the Kyoto climate governance framework (Acharya, 2016). The epidemic highlighted our vulnerability and mutual dependence, and the need for nationally and globally coordinated collective governance in response to the twin economic and health crises that ensued. The public health crisis demanded multi-level coordination, and Journal of Management Studies 58:2 March 2021 doi:10.1111/joms.12654 Address for reprints: David L. Levy, University of Massachusetts, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02125, USA (David.Levy@umb.edu). COVID-19 and Global Governance 563 © 2020 Society for the Advancement of Management Studies and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) would be expected to play a key role. Similarly, many called for an international collective response to the cascading economic repercussions of shutting down entire sectors and cities. It soon became apparent, however, that COVID reinforced a resurgence of state power and further weakened multilateral institutions; indeed, in the epidemic’s early stages, any semblance of international cooperation collapsed (Woods et al., 2020). The USA harshly criticized the WHO and then cut funding. National authorities rushed to close borders and secure adequate supplies of medical equipment, while states restricted exports and leveraged their multinational corporations to divert supplies to local markets. Israel employed the Mossad, its foreign intelligence agency, to secretly acquire ventilators and other supplies. The EU failed almost completely to respond in a cohesive manner, in terms of travel and quarantine policies or providing medical and financial assistance to severely hit areas.

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