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Healthcare Assessment Answer
Task:
Assignment 1:
This topic tracks data flows within a typical but constrained local health service. This is done by following a patient
from an initial GP consultation through referral to a specialist and subsequent treatment. Points at which data is
collected and a record is established are identified, as are points where data is forwarded or shared. Issues
arising from this process are also identified.
On the completion of this topic, you will be able to:
- Identify data collection points as a healthcare user moves through a typical but constrained local health service
- Explain the reason for the collection of data at each point
- Describe data sharing points
- Identify issues arising from sharing information in a multiple record system.
Dr. Who has a new patient: Roberta, a young athlete. Roberta has come to see Dr. Who for two reasons. First, she has developed a skin rash from shaving her legs. Dr. Who writes a prescription for an antibiotic. Roberta also has a problem with extreme fatigue after training or competing. After discussing her symptoms, training program and lifestyle, Dr. Who has the impression this might be an iron deficiency problem. To diagnose and treat this will require a blood test from the local pathology lab and consultations with a sports nutritionist and exercise physiologist.
The Institute of Sport is conducting a research project into the main health problems experienced by young female athletes and is seeking data from Dr. Who. The research will assist the national athletics body to develop policies and guidelines relating to appropriate training and dietary regimes for young women athletes.
Study Task 1
- Draw a flowchart showing Roberta’s movement through the various health facilities, noting who will collect and record data at each stage.
- Draw a table showing what data might be collected at each point. Identify where information is duplicated.
Study Task 2
- Add to your table the unique data which is likely to be collected at each healthcare service visit.
- Identify the data which might need to be shared with other services or healthcare professionals.
- Identify the healthcare services or professionals who might receive the data, including the Institute of Sport researcher.
Study Task 3
Look at the data collection points that you established in study task 1 and 2. Identify who you think currently enters the data and who might do this if the record was electronic
- How often would clinical data be entered by clinicians compared with now?
- There are several solutions to clinician reluctance to enter data, some are based on
- technology and some are based on adding steps to workflow.
- List one or two instances of each and decide on their practicality and cost/ benefit. At any point in this flow of information, identify what benefits will accrue for that clinician if others in the chain do/do not adopt the system.
Enterprise Focus
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Enterprise focus is considered as an organisation level factor. Currently, direct benefits of an EHR accrue to an organisation, such as a hospital, from the introduction of intra-organisational information systems. Even so, the benefits are not often able to be easily identified in terms of return on investment but are more likely to be gaining in areas such as reduced errors due to inaccurate records. Benefits accruing to a hospital from extending the EHR system beyond its boundaries are even less easily
identifiable and raise issues such as:
- Who pays for the research and development of the system? (Many services and healthcare professional
outside of the hospital are private businesses, not falling under the hospital financial umbrella)
- Who organises and provides IT support?
- Where will the record be located?
- Who has the overall responsibility for data entry and maintenance of the record?
Study Task 4
- Look at your flowchart.
- How would you allocate these roles and why?
Assignment Task 2
The introduction of electronic health records (EHR) into a local system often requires changes to workflow, work habits and to roles and relationships of both healthcare professionals and users. This topic considers these changes, the possible response of those affected, and briefly considers some strategies to minimize negative outcomes.
Discuss the changes in workflow, work habits and roles and relationships that may occur with the introduction of EHRs
- Identify the possible response to these changes
- Consider strategies to facilitate change and minimize negative outcomes.
Assignment Task 3:
Data, Information, and Knowledge is a fundamental process in the design and implementation of electronic health records (EHR). This topic refers to information systems but is still relevant since EHRs are an application specific information system.
The modeling process is an important component of the information systems design process. This topic explores some basic techniques used for modeling. It begins with a discussion of modeling in the broader context of information systems, before applying these in more detail.
- Discuss the current trend towards an enterprise-wide focus for health information systems development
- Differentiate between data and process modeling
- Explain the benefits of using modeling in the design of information systems
- Discuss data modeling methods and styles.
- Identify the types of information systems needed by your organization to enable it to meet its
strategic objectives.
- Draw a Scope Diagram for an information system in your workplace. Discuss some of the problems you encounter. How can these problems be overcome?
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