Describe the Phospholipid Molecule - Biology Assignment Help

Assignment Task:

Task:

Learning outcomes

In this module you should aim be able to:

• describe the phospholipid molecule

• explain how the bilayer is formed

• describe the structure and function of the phospholipid bilayer

• explain why we use the term ‘fluid mosaic model’

• describe the processes of osmosis, diffusion and active transport with regard to membranes

• describe what happens to both animal and plant cells in isotonic, hypertonic or hypotonic solutions

• define the terms amphipathic molecule, integral protein, peripheral protein, transport protein, carrier protein, aquaporin, exocytosis, endocytosis, phagocytosis and pinocytosis We mentioned phospholipid molecules in Module 2. In Module 3 we learned about cell theory and that cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane that isolates them from the external environment and controls movement into and out of the cell.

The building blocks of cell membranes are phospholipids (Fig. 5-1). From the name, you can recognise that they contain phosphate and lipids. Phospholipids have two fatty acid tails attached to glycerol (remember that the fats called triacylglycerols had three fatty acids attached to glycerol— refer back to Module 2). The glycerol in the phospholipid is then attached to a phosphate group which has a negative charge. Other small molecules may then be linked to the phosphate group. These additional small molecules are usually charged or polar, and differentiate between different types of phospholipids

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