Determination of Vitamin C Concentration - Chemistry Assignment Help

Assignment Task :

The last quantitative techniques experiment demonstrated the importance of acquiring laboratory skills. The better your laboratory skills, the more accurate and precise your results and therefore the more useful and significant they are. This may seem fairly unimportant in a first year practical but our environment, our health and our safety depend every day on the skills of scientists in the medical, transport, food production and energy sectors, just to name a few. 

Scientists depend on their analytical skills for their livelihood and society depends on these skills in order to live their day-to-day lives. This experiment provides a real-world example of how laboratory skills are used in industry. These exact quantitative techniques were used to discredit GlaxoSmithKline – the major company responsible for manufacturing the popular fruit drink, Ribena. 

Learning objectives : 

On completion of this practical, you should have: 

• Become more proficient with the technique of titration (pipetting and buretting). 

• Become aware that chemical reactions are grouped into categories that have similar chemical features. Two such examples are acid-base reactions and redox reactions. 

• Successfully prepared a standard solution using correct technique. 

Introduction 

You have already performed titrations in your last practical session. This is a common analytical technique that can be used for many analyses. In the last experiment the titration was used with an acid-base reaction – a solution of base (sodium hydroxide) of known 

Foundations of Chemistry Laboratory Manual VITAMIN C DETERMINATION 2F concentration was used to determine the concentration of a solution of sulfuric acid. Acids and bases are found everywhere from food, to our bodies to cleaning products. 

There are too many individual chemical reactions for chemists to be familiar with all of them, so they are divided into categories of reaction that have specific features. For example, all acid-base reactions like the one between sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide, involve an acid which donates a proton to a base. This means that if a chemist knows what category a reaction falls into they can make predictions about it even if they are unfamiliar with the specific reacting molecules. 

Another category of chemical reaction is the “redox” category. Redox reactions involve one reactant losing an electron (or electron density) to another reactant. You will learn about this category of reaction in Semester 2. Just like with acid-base reactions, titrations can be used with redox reactions. In this experiment you will perform a redox titration to determine the concentration of Vitamin C and two solutions. 

Chemistry connections 

Recall from Experiment 1F that a standard solution is one of known concentration. The concentration of standard solutions is usually known because the chemist has made the solution themselves using volumetric glassware. For example, in your last practical you used a standard solution of sodium hydroxide (exact concentration provided on the dispenser) and whilst you didn’t originally know the sulfuric acid concentration, that solution too had been prepared volumetrically (you checked your titration skills at the end by discovering the actual concentration). 

In this experiment you must first prepare the Vitamin C standard solution very accurately so you can use it to confirm the concentration of the iodine solution by titration in Part One. This procedure is referred to as standardisation – you are said to standardise the iodine solution. The accurate Vitamin C standard solution is prepared by dissolving pure Vitamin C (ascorbic acid, a white powder) in water using a volumetric flask. 

In Part Two once you have confirmed the iodine solution concentration you can use it to determine the unknown concentration of Vitamin C samples. These could include Vitamin C tablets or fruit or, in this case, apple juice. This is the method by which the concentrations of many species of interest in many different samples may be determined.

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