Highlights
The concepts that you should be covering are:
1) Health and diseases:( Christopher boorse, Canguilhem)
What is a disease? Concept of naturalism vs normalisms of what disease is
2) Illness, sicknes and disability (Talcot Parsons, Arthur Kleinman, Amundson)
Criticism of functionalism and the sick role
Sick role
Kleinman’s concept of illness
Amundson;s critique of “normal function”
3) The concept of mental illness (Thomas Szasz)
The whole concept discussed in the paper
4) Contested conditions
What is contested condition
Does is interact with the question of the essay?
How are they linked
5) Concept of causality (Thagrad, Bradford Hill)
Cause and effect
Refer to the additional notes
Disease mechanisms
6) Experimentation on non-human animals
Refer to lecture notes
Discuss this if you need to on the essay
7) Experimental on human animals
Refer to lecture note
Refer to Sullivan and Bernard readings to write your essay
8) Clinical Reasoning (linked with causation)
The paper by Hesslow (1984) challenges the classification of diseases in terms of their causes, focussing on so-called genetic diseases as an example. The presentation tries to draw out some conclusions that are relevant for both public health and clinical medicine.
The paper by Fagot (1984) presents a series of cases that problematise a probabilistic account of causal reasoning in clinical medicine, focussing on aetiological diagnosis—which is essentially answering the question “What caused this disease in this particular patient?” In order to make the paper more accessible, I have uploaded a recording of an interview I did with Ian Kerridge, who is a haematologist. Ian and I discuss both the paper and examples from his own clinical practice. Link with lecture 5 when you talk about this in the essay, use the examples listed in the readings provide by fagot and mix it up with. Look out for hesslow and Fagot chapter
9) Evidence based medicine
Evidence based medicine (EBM) is a global movement that came to prominence in the last few decades of the C20th. This module contains four readings about EBM. Two are by medical enthusiasts of the movement, and two are penned by critics. There are also two online presentations.
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