EAS109: Compressible Flow and Discuss Fluid Compressibility - Engineering Assignment Help

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INTRODUCTION TO FLUID MECHANICS
EXTRA This question is from the 3rd Edition of Thermal-Fluid Mechanics 9-1C We are to define internal, external, and open-channel flows.
Analysis External flow is the flow of an unbounded fluid over a surface such as a plate, a wire, or a pipe. The flow in a pipe or duct is internal flow if the fluid is completely bounded by solid surfaces.
The flow of liquids in a pipe is called open-channel flow if the pipe is partially filled with the liquid and there is a free surface, such as the flow of water in rivers and irrigation ditches.

CLASSIFICATION OF FLUID FLOWS
10-1C We are to define incompressible and compressible flow and discuss fluid compressibility.

Analysis A fluid flow during which the density of the fluid remains nearly constant is called incompressible flow. A flow in which density varies significantly is called compressible flow. A fluid whose density is practically independent of pressure (such as a liquid) is commonly referred to as an “incompressible fluid,” although it is more proper to refer to incompressible flow. The flow of compressible fluid (such as air) does not necessarily need to be treated as compressible since the density of a compressible fluid may remain nearly constant during flow – especially flow at low speeds.
Discussion It turns out that the Mach number is the critical parameter to determine whether the flow of
a gas can be approximated as an incompressible flow. If Ma is less than about 0.3, the incompressible approximation yields results that are in error by less than a couple percent.
10-2C We are to determine whether the flow of air over the wings of an aircraft and the flow of gases through a jet engine is internal or external.
 

Analysis: The flow of air over the wings of an aircraft is external since this is an unbounded fluid flow over a surface. The flow of gases through a jet engine is internal flow since the fluid is completely bounded by the solid surfaces of the engine.
Discussion: If we consider the entire aircraft, the flow is both internal (through the jet engines) and external (over the body and wings).
10-3C We are to define the no-slip condition and its cause.
Analysis A fluid in direct contact with a solid surface sticks to the surface and there is no slip.
This is known as the no-slip condition, and it is due to the viscosity of the fluid.

Discussion There is no such thing as an inviscid fluid, since all fluids have viscosity

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