Economic Interdependence and Conflict in World Politics - Management Assignment Help

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Introduction: A Persistent Puzzle The processes that take place in a system are affected by its structure … The preferences of the states predispose them toward certain strategies; the structure of the system provides opportunities and constraints (Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye, 1989: 261). Here, as in other matters, there is safety in numbers (Kenneth Waltz, 1979: 147).

ECONOMIC INTERDEPENDENCE: RECIPE FOR PEACE OR SOURCE OF CONFLICT?

The world is experiencing a growth of economic exchange between nations that has its roots in the end of the Second World War. According to The Economist (1997), global trade volume has increased sixteen-fold in less than fifty years, almost three times the increase in total output. Regional integration, such as the European Union (EU), the Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), and the North American Free Trade Act (NAFTA), is fueling pockets of economic activity for the sake of greater prosperity and competition. At a recent gathering of APEC members in Auckland, Australia, the member states pledged to continue their efforts 2 to open up markets for exchange and develop their economic ties (APEC, 1999). Their motivation is both simple and powerful: to increase wealth through economic exchange. The gains from trading goods and services are a clear result of the comparative advantage of nations. Open economic exchange increases the efficient allocation of resources for production, and increases the world's ability to produce goods and services, thus increasing the goods and services available for consumption.

A Persistent Puzzle Does economic interdependence lead to peace or conflict between nations? When two countries enter an economic relationship characterized by interdependence, are they constrained in their military behavior towards one another or are they adding one more source of disagreement over which conflict may emerge? Such questions have been of interest to scholars for centuries. Some have pursued these questions with hope that economic interdependence will help to extinguish interstate conflict. Immanuel Kant envisioned free trade between nations as one of the key ingredients to a peaceful world. Others have warned that such interaction merely provides one more reason for states to fight one another. Rousseau, for example, argued economic interaction would only bring discord and conflict. Modern scholarship still grapples with these opposing views.

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