Effects Of Mobile High Frequency Chest Wall Oscillation (HFCWO) And The Monarch Airway Clearance System (ACT) - Nursing Assignment Help

Assigment Task -

INTRODUCTION :

The mucociliary escalator and the cough reflex are cornerstone me chanisms in the management of a healthy and functional respiratory system: by removing secretions that could otherwise accumulate in the airways, these processes prevent obstruction and ensure adequate air flow through the lungs.1,2 However, a number of factors can affect these mechanisms, ultimately affecting lung health and function. Indeed, whereas the normal cough reflex can be inhibited by progressive neu rodegenerative conditions, the mucus production and composition is of ten impaired in patients with pulmonary disorders.2 Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an example of the latter: this autosomal recessive genetic disorder is characterized by abnormally thick bronchial secretions that lead to a defective mucociliary clearance.3,4 The obstruction of the small airways results in chronic infections and exaggerated inflammatory responses, which further increase mucus viscosity as the accumulated neutrophils release their contents, thus creating a vicious circle of obstruction? infection?inflammation.

2 | METHODS : 

2.1 | Spirometry measures :

Spirometry measures included FEV1, forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC (Tiffeneau?Pinelli index). These parameters were assessed before and at least 150 minutes after each therapy session.

2.2 | Brody high?resolution computed tomography scan scores :

Low?dose HRCT scans were taken before and after each session during spirometry?controlled breath holding at two distinct re spiratory phases (functional residual capacity [FRC] and total lung 

capacity [TLC]). These scans were evaluated by a radiologist (blinded to the date and time of the study), who scored them according to the Brody high?resolution computed tomography scan scores.

2.3 | Functional respiratory imaging :

Functional respiratory imaging (FRI) is a clinically?validated compu tational work?flow in which functional data is added to respiratory anatomical images. Starting from the low?dose HRCT scans taken at FRC and TLC, geometric changes in airways and lung lobes during a breathing cycle are assessed. Such data is then used in combination with computational fluid dynamics simulations, allowing the analysis of functional information (such as airflow behavior).

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