EM Simulation Worksheet, PCB Work, Stackup Block, & The Extract Block, Electromagnetic Effects & Antenna Dimensions - Engineering Assignment Help

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EM Simulation Worksheet

Simulating at high frequencies is more complex than it first meets the eye. We all know that tracks of lines turn into Ls and Cs and we can make filters, splitters, etc out of a combination of different lengths and widths of these tracks. But will the produced PCB work as the simulator shows? Are there any other considerations that need to be made? Using a different simulation engine AWR allows you to investigate the Electromagnetic effects that are at play when lengths and widths are close to antenna dimensions and distances between your tracks can lead to coupling. It also predicts some extra losses that the closed-form simulator that you have been using so far is not capable of predicting. What follows here is a basic activity to show you how you can analyze the layout of your circuit to predict behavior that you may want to alter before production.

Getting started with EM simulation

Follow the instructions below to get the EM simulation results:

1. Create a circuit you wish to simulate in the circuit schematic. Add any measurements you are interested in. 
2. In the project explorer, find and right-click on your circuit schematic and select duplicate (to allow you to compare the two sets of results).
3. Give the new schematic a name with “_EM” in the title. Note this is just for identification purposes, this does not trigger the EM simulation. For that continue as below. 
4. Next, click Scripts→ EM→ Create Stack-up from the main menu on the top. A pop-up titled “AXIEM Setup” appears and you may click OK on it.
5. You will see that clicking OK adds two blocks automatically on your workspace. These are the “Stackup” block and the “Extract” block. Stackup defines the EM simulation and the Extract block links your schematic with the EM simulation, hence this helps with the automation needed when you make changes to the schematic to the EM structure. 

1. Next, edit the Extract block to values as shown above. As a rule of thumb, the smaller the “X/Y Cell_Size” parameter (above), the more accurate and longer the simulation will be. When simulating you may wish to change this to find a balance between time of simulation and accuracy of the outcome. In the extract block select for STACKUP a value ”SUB 1” from the dropdown to replace “”, so it has the same name as the STACKUP block. 

2. Next, select all structures in the schematic that you wish to do an EM simulation on. Use SHIFT+CLICK to select all transmission lines (leave the ports out). See green outlines for selected blocks for example. 

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