Highlights
Question 1
Some of the Remote Access Laboratory equipment in the Hydraulics Lab at USQ were designed and built in-house. An experiment to demonstrate and measure the force resulting from a jet of water impacting surfaces is depicted. Use this schematic in conjunction with the following operating requirements,
• 240VAC supplies a PC for the Human-Machine-Interface (HMI), a thermostatswitched 240VAC cooling fan, a 240VAC PLC-controlled pump, a 240VAC to 24VDC
supply and a 240VAC to 12VDC supply.
- 24VDC supplies the PLC, Load Cell Transmitters and Ball Valve V-1
- 12VDC supplies ancillary lighting and PLC E/stop
- The experiment is commenced by starting Centrifugal Pump E1 while Electronically Actuated Ball Valve V-1 is closed. Water Pressure Switch S-1 is used to check that E2 is producing pressure. Together with Float Switch S-5, this confirms that E-2 can be safely operated.
• The Flat Impact Test or the Cup Impact Test are selected by operating either Angle Seat Valves, V-2 or V-3 using a signal from the HMI.
• Butterfly Valve V-4 is opened and the output from Load Cell S-4 is monitored until a steady load is measured.
- A desired anticipated flow rate is set as an input to V-1, sent from the HMI (e.g. 30% of full deflection).
• Once steady conditions are measured at S-4, V-4 is closed until an additional prescribed mass of water accumulates in the Mass Measurement Tank. At this point, V-4 is opened and the length of time that it took to accumulate the mass is recorded by the PLC. This allows a precise calculation of the mass flow rate of the jet of water impacting the surface.
• While the Mass Measurement Tank is filling with the set and measured flow, Load Cell S-2 or S-3 measures the force applied to the surface the jet of water impacts. This data is recorded for subsequent analysis.
• Additional data is collected for various setting of V-1. Once the desired data is collected, V-1 is closed and E-2 is stopped.
• The remote HMI Control uses one PLC using four inputs to produce the data used to calculate the experiment’s results.
• For safety purposes an emergency stop pushbutton isolates AC power via a safety relay (except control power to the PLC) when pressed.
Using CAD software, produce two drawings,
1. The 240 VAC Power Distribution diagram
2. 24VDC Power Distribution diagram.
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