ENGG7241: The Risk Management Process in a Construction Project - Report Writing Engineering Assignment Help

Assignment Task:

1.1 Introduction 
In Nigeria, the construction industries play a major role in economic development by ensuring sufficient revenues for the country. The contribution by the construction industries to the GDP of Nigeria was 4.04% in the year 2018 which was increased to 4.09% in the first quarter of the year 2019 which is less in terms of increment of construction industries which has been expanding at a rate of 2.4% as per the year 2019.[1] After the economic recession in the year 2016, the Nigerian government has pleaded to support the construction industries to develop the country's infrastructure, Power and energy as well as residential sectors to recover the economic performance of the country.[2] The Nigerian construction sector involves mostly in developing and maintaining the civil engineering works and infrastructures which comprise of roads, bridges, railways, and residential as well as commercial houses. However, there are more opportunities for the construction industries in different sectors like energy, agriculture, water and irrigation, mining, transportation, information and communication technology, social infrastructures, security, vital registration sectors etc.[3][4] Only 20 to 25 percent of the GDP is accounted by the infrastructures of Nigeria which seems to be lower but also implies that the need for increasing the private sector investment is loud and clear.

Nwanisike et al. claim that economic development in Nigeria has metamorphosed from the agro-economy to the oil economy.[5] The agro-based economy was relatively diversified when sufficient food production for the population was determined. The agriculture shares in Nigeria has fallen from thirty-five percent to twenty-two percent while the manufacturing industry has been growing from four percent to seven percent when evaluated from 1999 to 2014. This shows the changing industrial structure of Nigeria from the agricultural industries to the manufacturing as well as oil extracting industries which in a sense can be said as construction industries. The country possesses well-functioning laws, social and economic infrastructures, different job opportunities and security of life as well as property which lured the foreign investors towards the oil sector (which depends on its construction sector) in Nigeria. The Nigerian government aims in ensuring the construction industries help in accelerating to explore and produce petroleum products. So all the hopes of the Nigerian government, as well as public, lies in the construction industries which would build the needed infrastructure services within the time. Thus, the construction industries in Nigeria cannot be overdone. 
With the increase in the population of Nigeria for the past decades by 3% per annum, the nation's population is estimated to be 140 million. The health services, education system and services, infrastructures etc. should be increased as the demand increases with the increase in population which should be straddled by the construction industries which includes planning, procurement of goods and services, development, commissioning and execution works. The construction industries of Nigeria still following the contractual arrangement as followed by a developed country like Britain, which is not suitable for developing country like Nigeria. Still, the procurement is done in traditional methods by the Nigerian construction industries which possess much risk in order to deliver the project on time.[6] This kind of procurement method results in separating of design stage from the actual construction work. This separation affects the performance and efficiency of the construction industries in Nigeria. Moreover, lack of proper communication results in work delay cost as well as time overruns with the disturbance in price fluctuation on the materials. It is believed that nearly half of the construction defects are because of inadequate communication between the project professionals about project design, drawings and documentation.

The construction industries have been investing a lot in the road sectors, power and energy sectors, transportation sectors, housing and real estate etc. either in the local projects or in the international projects.[6] In local projects, the contracts are drafted by their advisors or lawyers, whereas the international projects follow the FIDIC silver book.[7] All kind of decisions taken in the construction industry, whether small or big, involves risk. The risk sources have to be identified from the pre-agreement stages which involve design risk, tendering and procurement risk etc. while the post-agreement stage might involve political risk, financial risk, geographical risk, contract risk etc.

1.2 Research questions
1. How well aware are the top-level management of Julius Berger about the risk management process in a construction project?
2. What is Julius Berger's way of practising risk management process for the reconstruction or rehabilitation of Abuja-Kano road network?
3. What are the reasons behind the delay of rehabilitation of Abuja-Kano road network?
4. What could risk response strategies be implemented so that the construction work could run in an effective way?

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