Highlights
INTRODUCTION
This exercise involves the use of Space Gass to investigate several issues of a structural nature. The objective of this exercise is to enhance your understanding of structural behaviour, as well as develop a basic competency in the use of an industry-standard structural analysis computer program. This assignment consists of two parts.
Please note that you need to upload 3 files in the Moodle submission link by the due date: 1) Complete report file for parts A and B (in a single Pdf file);
2) The SPACE GASS file for parts A and B(in .SG format)–for cross checking purposes.
ASSESSMENT
The following issues will be considered in arriving at the final mark: • Neatness of presentation of the written/typed work and quality of diagrams • Correctness of manual calculations, computer modelling and output results
• The extent to which all appropriate calculations, diagrams, etc, are shown and the instructions given in the assignment brief are followed.
• Readability and scale of the diagrams (i.e. printed from SPACE GASS). • All requested results from SPACE GASS should be presented in the report.
PART A: Reinforced Concrete Floor System
A reinforced concrete floor of a building comprises parallel reinforced concrete beams supporting, and cast integrally with, a reinforced concrete slab, as shown in the diagram below. Dimensions are given in separate tables provided along with the assignment brief. The beams are supported by brickwork walls. The slab acts as part of the beams, such that each beam may be regarded to be T-shaped, comprising a width of slab extending half-way to the adjacent beam. The concrete unit weight may be taken as 24.5 kN/m3 and the design imposed loading (i.e. live loading) on the floor is also tabulated in the given table.
a) Use Space Gass to analyse one of these beams to determine the following maximum design ultimate bending moments due to dead load + live load:
i) Maximum sag in the end spans;
ii) Maximum sag in the penultimate (i.e. second from the end) spans; iii) Maximum hog over the penultimate supports;
iv) Maximum hog over the central support.
In each case, show all loading calculations, draw the loading diagram and the full B.M.D. for the beam, labelling the values of the hogging bending moments over each support and the maximum sagging bending moments in each span.
Note the following important points:
• Patterned placement of the live loading needs to be considered in order to determine the worst cases (obviously the self weight cannot be patterned as it is a characteristic of the structure itself and is not moveable).
• To obtain the ultimate moments, you need to factor up the loads in accordance with AS1170.0 Cl. 4.2.2.
• For the section properties to use for the beam members, see ‘Supplementary Notes: Part A): Section Properties for Analysis of Multi-Span Beams’.
b) Clearly state the following:
i) The span in which the maximum sagging bending moment occurs; and ii) The support over which the maximum hogging bending moment occurs.
PART B: Portal Frame Model
INTRODUCTION
This exercise continues Assignment 1 to apply the wind loading on a typical steel portal frame building, using SPACE GASS program. You need to use the group inputs and results of your calculations from Assignment 1. Please make sure you correct any mistakes undertaken in the previous assignment in order to get full marks for this part and mention a small summary of changes.
The diagram of the portal frame was given in Assignment 1. The portal frames are pinned base, with the usual rigid connections at the eaves and the ridge. There is no haunch in the structure.
In a normal portal frame building design, a substantial number of wind loading scenarios would be considered. For this exercise, however, a very small subset of load cases will be investigated.
REQUIREMENTS
For the portal framed structure, and based on the dead load + wind load cases described below, the following is required:
Determine the following maximum design actions, derived from Load Cases 4 and 5, for the first internal portal frame in from the end of the building:
• Maximum uplift on the footing (kN);
• Maximum hogging moment at the ridge (kNm);
• Maximum sagging moment at the rafter-column connection (kNm).
In addition to these answers, the following is to be included in the submission • All calculations involved in determining the loadings and any corrections (from Assignment 1);
• A fully dimensioned diagram of the model, showing member and node numbering and section sizes;
• Fully detailed diagrams showing the loadings used for the three load cases LC1, LC2 and LC3;
• The bending moment diagrams determined for the two load cases LC4 and LC5. Note that the various diagrams should be produced by SPACE GASS.
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