Estimate Averaged Daily Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) & Physical Activity Level (PAL) Report Writing - Nursing Assignment Help

Assignment Task
    

Objective
In this study, you will estimate your own TEE, predict RMR, and calculate PAL. You will obtain TEE by using Physical Activity Diaries and Compendium of Physical Activities and
predict RMR using the most suitable RMR prediction equation. 

The aims of this report are:
• Provide estimating daily energy expenditure and resting metabolic rate (RMR) prediction.
• Provide experience of data analysis and interpretation of experimental data.
• Provide experience in communicating scientific data in a systematic and concise manner.
• To help reinforce concepts of energy expenditure.

By the end of this report you should be able:
•  Keep a comprehensive record of daily activities.
•  Use physical activity diaries and Compendium of Physical Activities to estimate averaged daily total energy expenditure (TEE).
•  Select the most relevant RMR prediction equation and calculate RMR.
•  Calculation of physical activity level (PAL).
•  To summarise the experimental findings in the format of a research paper

Introduction
Total energy expenditure (TEE) is comprised of multiple components including physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE), resting energy expenditure or resting metabolic rate (RMR), and the thermic effect of food (TEF). The ability to assess total energy expenditure (TEE) and its components is extremely important in the context of energy balance and thus in lifestyle and health-related research. Measures of TEE are also relevant in the evaluation of under and over-reporting of energy intake and for the design of experimental diets. In large-scale studies, TEE is mainly assessed using physical activity questionnaires or diaries. In many cases, measurements or estimation of TEE and combined with RMR measurements or prediction, which allows calculation of physical activity level (PAL).

Objective
In this study, you will estimate your own TEE, predict RMR, and calculate PAL. You will obtain TEE by using Physical Activity Diaries and Compendium of Physical Activities and predict RMR using the most suitable RMR prediction equation.

Definitions
Metabolic rate is the rate of energy expenditure during any given state of rest or specified activity which is commonly assessed by collecting data on respiratory gas exchange, obtaining values for rate of oxygen uptake and rate of carbon dioxide output, and relating these by established indirect calorimetry formulae to the equivalent rate of energy release in kJ or kcal/ minute or per hour. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the rate of energy expenditure required at complete rest for all cellular functions, to maintain the systems of the body, and to regulate body temperature. It is measured before the person rises in the morning after fasting for at least 12 hours, requiring an overnight stay under controlled conditions in the laboratory. BMR is influenced by age, sex, body size, and fat-free mass. In most sedentary healthy adults, it accounts for approximately 60-80% of total daily energy expenditure, amounting to ~4000 -7000 kJ/24 hours for individuals with body mass within the normal range. In elite endurance athletes during days of competition or training, BMR may represent only 38-47% of total daily energy expenditure. 

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is more commonly measured, since it allows the person to sleep at home, to travel to the laboratory in the morning, and to rest there before RMR is assessed. Values for BMR and RMR usually differ by less than 10% and sometimes are used interchangeably. RMR is typically close to 4.2 kJ per kg of body mass per hour or 3.5 ml O2 utilized per kg of body mass per minute.

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