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HBS108: Sourcing, Identifying And Evaluating Evidence - Nursing Assignment Help
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Task 1
Describing levels of fruit and vegetable intake in Australian adults
1. When conducting quantitative health research, it is important to clearly define the study variables being measured. In the Australian Health Survey, how was ‘Whether fruit and vegetable intake met recommended guidelines’ defined for men and women aged 19–50 years? See Table 12, where footnote (g) refers you to the Glossary. The Glossary can be found under “Explanatory Notes” in Screenshot 3. Make sure you scroll down the Glossary to get the full details.
2. Based on the results of the survey (in Table 12.3), are men or women more likely to meet the recommended guidelines for fruit and vegetable intake? Include the percentages for total males and total females to support your answer. Is the low proportion of Australian adults who meet recommended guidelines for fruit and vegetable intake attributable more to low fruit intake or low vegetable intake? Include the data for all persons aged 18 years and over to support your answer.
3. Based on the results of the survey (in Table 12.3), describe the trend across age groups (for all persons, which includes males and females, within the age range 18–24 to 75 years and over) for meeting adequate fruit intake recommendations. Please include at least two of the percentages (e.g., from x% to y%) in your answer for full marks.
4. Suppose you are the Health Promotion Policy Officer for the Australian Department of Health and have been given the task of advising the Government on interventions aimed at increasing fruit and vegetable intake among Australians who are less likely to meet recommended guidelines for fruit and vegetable intake. Based on your answers to Questions1(ii)-1(iii), which Australian adults and which food type (i.e., fruit or vegetables) would you recommend focussing on? There is no need to include the data in this question.
Task 2
Understanding gender and age differences in fruit and vegetable intake among adult Australians
1. State if this article represents a quantitative research study or a qualitative research study. Briefly describe how you know this particular study is qualitative or quantitative.
2. Identification of barriers:
a. Based on the study results, what was the main barrier to adequate vegetable consumption for those who reported eating less than five servings of vegetables each day?
b. What was the main barrier to adequate fruit consumption for those who reported eating less than two servings of fruit each day?
c. Was cost reported to be more of a barrier for fruit consumption or vegetable consumption?
3. In the Discussion section, the authors referred to two reasons for focussing more on increasing vegetable consumption than increasing fruit consumption. What were they?
4. In the Discussion section, the authors stated that “...the results of this study illustrate that educational campaigns to improve knowledge of recommended intake are still required”. In light of the many influences on fruit and vegetable consumption, what findings from this study indicate that educational campaigns are still required? Briefly describe two reasons.
Task 3
Exploring possible reasons for low fruit and vegetable consumption among adults
1. Obtaining informed consent (after providing potential study participants with a plain language statement describing the research study) is one of the key ethical considerations discussed in Topic 1. The authors state that “The study was approved by the School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences research ethics committee of Queen’s University Belfast, and participants provided their written informed consent.” What are the four ethical principles for conducting health research as described in Topic 1? Which one of these four principles does “written consent” most closely address?
2. The study included a (quantitative) questionnaire as well as qualitative focus group discussions. Frequently, qualitative data can help us understand in more depth and detail the findings from quantitative questionnaires. In the section “Questionnaire results”, it was reported that “The median knowledge score for this task (i.e., knowledge of fruit and vegetable guidelines) was 21.4%”. “Knowledge” was also a key theme in the analysis of the focus group discussions data. Using the results described under the heading “Knowledge”, and also the quotations in Table 2, briefly describe six elements of misunderstanding of fruit and vegetable guidelines that help explain the low knowledge score.
3. Under the theme “Education”, it was reported that “On the whole, participants agreed that having more information on what constitutes a portion of FV would impact positively on their current FV consumption.” However, providing this information might be complicated by differing views from the study participants about how best to improve understanding of the “5 a day” message and how to assess portion size. Very briefly describe the differing options provided by study participants for improving their ability to assess portion size as a way of helping them to consume “5 a day”.
4. Some study participants also discussed the limitations of education and information for improving fruit and vegetable consumption. Briefly describe two of these limitations.
5. This qualitative study also provides insights relevant for the quantitative measurement of fruit and vegetable intake (e.g., in quantitative surveys). Based on the study findings, briefly describe one way in which fruit and vegetable intake might be over-estimated by survey respondents, and one way in which fruit and vegetable intake might be under-estimated.
Case Scenario: 2
Research hypothesis/questions
Task 4
Research hypotheses and research questions addressing the topic of fruit and vegetable consumption
1. Develop a quantitative research hypothesis relating to the topic of how to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among adults.
2. Develop a qualitative research question relating to the topic of how to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among adults.
Case Scenario: 3
Searching databases
Task 5
Locating a peer-reviewed journal article on a specific topic. Select either the research hypothesis or research question you developed in Case Scenario 2
1. Name the database(s) you searched in order to find the article (remember that EBSCOHost is not itself a database, but rather, a platform that enables access to multiple databases).
ii. Specify the search terms you used to successfully locate the article.
iii. Provide a full reference to this article here as your answer to this question.
iv. Based on the research findings from the article you located, together with the study findings from Chapman et al. (2016) and/or Rooney et al. (2017) [Questions 2 and 3], write a brief recommendation suggesting four strategies, interventions or programs that could be used to increase fruit and vegetable consumption. These approaches should be things that could be done, rather than just a recommendation about who to target. Keep in mind that the purpose of this question is to use research findings to inform practice.
Nursing Assignment
Case Scenario: 1 Locating and understanding health data and information from reputable sources In Task 1 you are required to summarise current levels of fruit and vegetable consumption among Australian adults (aged 18 year and over) and identify any differences in fruit and vegetable intake based on age and gender. The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) ‘Australian Health Survey’ includes data on “Daily intake of fruit and vegetables” in the Australian adult population. You are required to locate data from this survey from the ABS website. ABS health survey data is available in the form of (i) very brief summaries of selected findings from the survey; and (ii) detailed downloadable data tables (as Microsoft Excel spreadsheets).
Task 1
Describing levels of fruit and vegetable intake in Australian adults
1. When conducting quantitative health research, it is important to clearly define the study variables being measured. In the Australian Health Survey, how was ‘Whether fruit and vegetable intake met recommended guidelines’ defined for men and women aged 19–50 years? See Table 12, where footnote (g) refers you to the Glossary. The Glossary can be found under “Explanatory Notes” in Screenshot 3. Make sure you scroll down the Glossary to get the full details.
2. Based on the results of the survey (in Table 12.3), are men or women more likely to meet the recommended guidelines for fruit and vegetable intake? Include the percentages for total males and total females to support your answer. Is the low proportion of Australian adults who meet recommended guidelines for fruit and vegetable intake attributable more to low fruit intake or low vegetable intake? Include the data for all persons aged 18 years and over to support your answer.
3. Based on the results of the survey (in Table 12.3), describe the trend across age groups (for all persons, which includes males and females, within the age range 18–24 to 75 years and over) for meeting adequate fruit intake recommendations. Please include at least two of the percentages (e.g., from x% to y%) in your answer for full marks.
4. Suppose you are the Health Promotion Policy Officer for the Australian Department of Health and have been given the task of advising the Government on interventions aimed at increasing fruit and vegetable intake among Australians who are less likely to meet recommended guidelines for fruit and vegetable intake. Based on your answers to Questions1(ii)-1(iii), which Australian adults and which food type (i.e., fruit or vegetables) would you recommend focussing on? There is no need to include the data in this question.
Task 2
Understanding gender and age differences in fruit and vegetable intake among adult Australians
1. State if this article represents a quantitative research study or a qualitative research study. Briefly describe how you know this particular study is qualitative or quantitative.
2. Identification of barriers:
a. Based on the study results, what was the main barrier to adequate vegetable consumption for those who reported eating less than five servings of vegetables each day?
b. What was the main barrier to adequate fruit consumption for those who reported eating less than two servings of fruit each day?
c. Was cost reported to be more of a barrier for fruit consumption or vegetable consumption?
3. In the Discussion section, the authors referred to two reasons for focussing more on increasing vegetable consumption than increasing fruit consumption. What were they?
4. In the Discussion section, the authors stated that “...the results of this study illustrate that educational campaigns to improve knowledge of recommended intake are still required”. In light of the many influences on fruit and vegetable consumption, what findings from this study indicate that educational campaigns are still required? Briefly describe two reasons.
Task 3
Exploring possible reasons for low fruit and vegetable consumption among adults
1. Obtaining informed consent (after providing potential study participants with a plain language statement describing the research study) is one of the key ethical considerations discussed in Topic 1. The authors state that “The study was approved by the School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences research ethics committee of Queen’s University Belfast, and participants provided their written informed consent.” What are the four ethical principles for conducting health research as described in Topic 1? Which one of these four principles does “written consent” most closely address?
2. The study included a (quantitative) questionnaire as well as qualitative focus group discussions. Frequently, qualitative data can help us understand in more depth and detail the findings from quantitative questionnaires. In the section “Questionnaire results”, it was reported that “The median knowledge score for this task (i.e., knowledge of fruit and vegetable guidelines) was 21.4%”. “Knowledge” was also a key theme in the analysis of the focus group discussions data. Using the results described under the heading “Knowledge”, and also the quotations in Table 2, briefly describe six elements of misunderstanding of fruit and vegetable guidelines that help explain the low knowledge score.
3. Under the theme “Education”, it was reported that “On the whole, participants agreed that having more information on what constitutes a portion of FV would impact positively on their current FV consumption.” However, providing this information might be complicated by differing views from the study participants about how best to improve understanding of the “5 a day” message and how to assess portion size. Very briefly describe the differing options provided by study participants for improving their ability to assess portion size as a way of helping them to consume “5 a day”.
4. Some study participants also discussed the limitations of education and information for improving fruit and vegetable consumption. Briefly describe two of these limitations.
5. This qualitative study also provides insights relevant for the quantitative measurement of fruit and vegetable intake (e.g., in quantitative surveys). Based on the study findings, briefly describe one way in which fruit and vegetable intake might be over-estimated by survey respondents, and one way in which fruit and vegetable intake might be under-estimated.
Case Scenario: 2
Research hypothesis/questions
Task 4
Research hypotheses and research questions addressing the topic of fruit and vegetable consumption
1. Develop a quantitative research hypothesis relating to the topic of how to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among adults.
2. Develop a qualitative research question relating to the topic of how to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among adults.
Case Scenario: 3
Searching databases
Task 5
Locating a peer-reviewed journal article on a specific topic. Select either the research hypothesis or research question you developed in Case Scenario 2
1. Name the database(s) you searched in order to find the article (remember that EBSCOHost is not itself a database, but rather, a platform that enables access to multiple databases).
ii. Specify the search terms you used to successfully locate the article.
iii. Provide a full reference to this article here as your answer to this question.
iv. Based on the research findings from the article you located, together with the study findings from Chapman et al. (2016) and/or Rooney et al. (2017) [Questions 2 and 3], write a brief recommendation suggesting four strategies, interventions or programs that could be used to increase fruit and vegetable consumption. These approaches should be things that could be done, rather than just a recommendation about who to target. Keep in mind that the purpose of this question is to use research findings to inform practice.
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