Health Economics for Hospital Management - Nursing Assignment Help

Assignment Task

ECONOMICS OF HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT
TOPIC: Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of statin therapy in the treatment of CHD in the U.K NHS.
-only UK, NHS, NICE guidelines, BNF, Public Health England and other U.K sources to be used.
Word count: 2000 (Havard referencing)
- the main point would be to set the context for CHD in U.K followed by evaluating in terms of QALYS and contrasting the position of said disease in terms of spending in the realm of other chronic disease budgets.
Assignment Brief
“Economic evaluation will usually be conducted in the form of a cost-effectiveness analysis, with the health effects being measured using an appropriate non-monetary outcome indicator. In circumstances for which cost-effectiveness analysis is not appropriate, other validated methods may be used (NICE, 2017).”
For the purpose of this assignment, you are asked to adopt the role of a Health Economist working to advise a healthcare decision maker e.g. a clinical service manager.
Your report should be an economic evaluation for a proposed healthcare intervention(statin therapy) in a particular context. An ‘intervention’ is anything intended to improve patient length and/or quality of life. By ‘context’ we mean the people who will receive the intervention and the place where the intervention will be delivered.
Please note that you can only produce an economic evaluation if there is. evidence of clinical effectiveness An intervention that is not clinically effective can never be cost-effective. It is increasingly common for clinical and cost-effectiveness to be assessed side-by-side in clinical trials. However, clinical trials usually take place in very carefully defined patient groups and often produce evidence of ‘efficacy’ in ideal conditions. Economic evaluation is more likely to take real-world conditions into account, that is, both ‘effectiveness’ and the logistics of delivery. You can see a very real example of this in the ongoing COVID vaccine trials and immunisation programmes.
Preliminary Instructions & Resources
As far as possible, your report should provide the information described in the CHEERS Checklist for the reporting of economic evaluations of health interventions.
https://www.equator-network.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Revised-CHEERS-Checklist-Oct13.pdfHowever, we expect that some technical elements in your report will not fully reflect best practice. (keep it simple)
Where there are limitations and you think more expert analysis is required you should point this out.
You should not describe or attempt advanced analysis if you do not understand it.
The purpose of your report is to demonstrate the ability to (a) think about a problem from an economic perspective and (b) carry out the basic steps in an economic evaluation.
You may find it helpful to follow a step-by-step guideline for the conduct of economic evaluation. The example below was designed for cancer trials but is more broadly applicable:
https://www.uts.edu.au/sites/default/files/2019-04/crest-factsheet-steps-in-an-economic-evaluation.pdfThis step-by-step guide to conduct is less technical and provides more explanation than the CHEERS Checklist for finished reports.
In undertaking this assignment, please ensure that you provide justification for choices that you make by referring to previous research/studies and referencing these. This is essential in Sections A and B and may also be possible in Section C.
Report Section A
State and justify the condition (health problem) that you will focus on and in what context.
State and justify why an additional or alternative intervention(s) will improve the management of this condition. The current standard of care should be clearly described. Interventions may include medicines, surgery, medical devices, psychological therapy or lifestyle advice.
Identify the proposed impact of your intervention on the following measures:
Clinical Indicators (in the short to medium term)
Health Outcome (in the long-term)
Health outcomes may include measures of mortality and/or morbidity, for example, health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Both generic and disease specific measures of HRQoL may be appropriate.
Report Section B:
State and justify the type of economic evaluation that you have conducted, for example, cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA).
The choice of economic evaluation will reflect (a) the primary outcome measure you choose to focus on and (b) whether the new intervention requires an increase in the financial budget for treatmentYou need a 'base case' and an alternative intervention. Economic evaluation focuses on the difference in costs and consequences between two options.
Present the steps in your chosen type of economic evaluation following the advice given in the preliminary instructions above i.e. use of CHEERS Checklist and CREST Factsheet. Depending on the primary data (published literature) available to you, these options are likely for the main body of your report:
If there is no current literature, then you may be presenting an outline, plan or design for a future economic evaluation.
If there is a clinical evaluation only in the current literature (either single study or systematic review), then you may be adding an economic evaluation to this. Or at least outlining what an economic evaluation would look like.
If there is an economic evaluation in the current literature then you may be adapting this to suit your context. For example, work completed in the USA in 2010 will not represent the costs in u.k in 2021.
Sometimes the literature will already include direct head-to-head comparisons of current treatment and your alternative. Sometimes evidence will need to come from multiple sources and be pieced together in a new way. Data might also come from widely available sources (e.g. drug costs from the Drug Tariff) or you may simply need to list costs and consequences that require further assessment. What you should not do is simply review or re-present a published economic evaluation - some adaptation or synthesis is always required. This report is not simply a literature appraisal.
Report Section C
Identify key barriers and facilitators for your chosen interventionSummarise what you found in your analysis in a final summary section which offers recommendations for action.

 

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