Hibbert & Riviera Surgery - Zoidberg’s Medical Practice - Nursing Assignment Help

Assignment Task:

Background 

The current COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated that personal protective equipment (PPE) is essential, to prevent the acquisition and transmission of infectious diseases, yet its use is often sub-optimal in the clinical setting. Training and education are important to ensure and sustain the safe and effective use of PPE by medical interns, but current methods are often inadequate in providing the relevant knowledge and skills. The purpose of this study was to explore new graduates’ experiences of the use of PPE and identify opportunities for improvement in medical student education and training programmes, to improve occupational and patient safety. 

Methods 

This study was undertaken in 2018 in a large tertiary-care teaching hospital in XXXX, Australia, to explore medical interns’ self-reported experiences of PPE use, at the beginning of their rst postgraduate year. Focus groups were conducted immediately after theoretical and practical PPE training, during hospital orientation. Transcripts of recorded discussions were analysed, using a thematic approach that drew on the COM-B (capability, opportunity, motivation - behaviour) framework for behaviour. 

Results 

80% of 90 eligible interns participated. Many interns had not previously received formal training in the specic skills required for optimal PPE use and had developed potentially unsafe habits. Their experiences as medical students in clinical areas contrasted sharply with recommended practice taught at hospital orientation and impacted on their ability to cultivate correct PPE use. 

Conclusions 

Undergraduate teaching should be consistent with best practice PPE use, and include practical training that embeds correct and safe practices. 

Background 

Healthcare-associated infections are among the most frequent preventable causes of adverse patient events, resulting in increased lengths of stay and morbidity(1, 2) and contributing to spread of antimicrobial resistance(3). Healthcare workers can transmit pathogens and are themselves at risk of occupationally acquired infectious diseases including emerging/exotic viral infections such as COVID-19. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is a critical infection prevention and control (IPC) practice(4). PPE protects the wearer and contributes to preventing further transmission, yet is often inappropriately used, especially by doctors(5, 6). Many doctors feel that they have inadequate knowledge and practical skills, in IPC, generally, and PPE use, specically(7), suggesting an unmet need for teaching undergraduates about its importance(8). Mann and Wood found that around 50% of medical students thought their course should have had a greater emphasis on IPC(9), while John et al. reported that 92.5% of medical students made procedural errors when removing PPE during training(10). In another study, Saudi Arabian medical students scored poorly on survey questions relating to PPE knowledge (average scores 3.8 ± 1.9 out of 9 points)(11). In Hong Kong, the SARS outbreak exposed deciencies in medical students’ PPE skills, which prompted changes in undergraduate IPC education(12). 

Practical PPE skills are not always formally assessed at undergraduate level(10) and are often learnt via role modelling during clinical placements. The hidden curriculum therefore plays an important role in the clinical learning environment(13). In relation to PPE use, interns may be inuenced by the PPE practices of their role models – senior registrars and consultants – which can be suboptimal(14). An understanding of the intern’s experiences and knowledge of the use of PPE at the beginning of their careers can help to inform undergraduate training and identify opportunities to enhance their skills in the clinical context. 

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