HLTENN007: Administer And Monitor Medicines And Intravenous Therapy - Mr Brown’s buzzer Case Study Assessment Answer

Internal Code:  1AFDAI Code: HLTENN007

Administer And Monitor Medicines And Intravenous Therapy Assessment Answer

Assignment Task: Question 1 Define the following terms:

1. Pharmacokinetics
2. Pharmacodynamics
3. Bioavailability
4. First pass effect
5. Drug indication
6. Drug contraindication
7. drug reaction
8. Therapeutic range
9. Toxicology

Question 2

1. List 3 forms of parenteral administration, and place an * next to the form that provides 100% bioavailability of a drug.
2. Identify and discuss 4 factors that affect absorption of a drug. (min 40 words)
3. List two (2) internal factors and two (2) external factors that affect metabolism of a drug.
4. What factors can affect drug metabolism in an ELDERLY client and why? (min 40 words)
5. List the routes by which drugs are excreted.

Provide examples of 4 chronic diseases that may affect elimination of drugs.

• Define polypharmacy and describe what impacts this can have on a client.

Question 3

• Match the formulation with the description.
• What is meant by sustained or slow release?

Question 4

• Complete the gaps in the following table with the * in them

Question 5 Below is a list of commonly used drugs. Discuss the following five (5) points for EACH of the drugs listed:

• The major drug group/class
• Common route/s of administration (there may be more than one)
• Mode of action
• Common adverse reactions
• Nursing implications

Question 6

• Identify 6 actions that you may be required to do if you make a medication error

Mr Brown’s buzzer Case Study: You answer Mr Brown’s buzzer and when you enter his room he is obviously distressed and is thrashing around on his bed.  He complains of difficulty breathing and has an audible stridor (high pitched wheezing sound). You know that he commenced his first dose of intravenous penicillin 10 minutes ago via an infusion pump.  You suspect that Mr Brown is having an anaphylactic reaction.

1. What is anaphylaxis?  In your answer, please outline the pathophysiology of anaphylaxis and list five (5) common agents that may trigger anaphylaxis (min 100 words).
2. Adrenaline 1:1000 via intramuscular injection is the drug of choice for treating anaphylaxis.  What is this drug’s mechanism of action and how does it treat the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis?  Why is it preferably given by intramuscular injection? (min 100 words)
3.  Describe your role as an EN responding to Mr B’s nurse call bell. Include in your answer,

• Your immediate priority’s, (remember he has a IV)
• Follow-up assessments you as the EN may do over the next 15mins (name at least 4),
• Who would you consult with throughout this event
• What would you need to document?

Mrs Jones: Case Study- Mrs Jones is a 78-year-old lady, who has arrived via the emergency department on Sunday 0800 after falling at home and fracturing her femur, on admission IV therapy was commenced at 1000mls over 12hrs.  She is scheduled for surgery on Monday morning. Pathology indicated that her haemoglobin level was 9.7g/dL, and she has been prescribed a transfusion of 2 units of packed red blood cells (PRBC). You assist the RN in preparing for Mrs Jones’ transfusion.

1. Explain the rationale for administering a blood transfusion to this patient.
2. Describe the potential complications of blood transfusion including what you would do if the patient experienced a potential delayed reaction
3. What education would you provide to Mrs Jones to increase her awareness of the symptoms of a transfusion reaction? 
4. Describe how to transport store, handle check and dispose of blood and blood products safely. 

Jack King Case Study: Jack King is a client who is on your ward with cholecystitis and is due to go to theatre in the morning. He has been prescribed intravenous (IV) fluids overnight as he is nil by mouth (NBM)

1. Discuss why Jack has been prescribed IV fluids and provide one (1) example of a type of IV fluid that he may be prescribed.
2. Identify what you would need to record when administering IV fluids.
3. Discuss possible complications of IV therapy.
4. The RN tells you that Jack’s blood results show an electrolyte imbalance. Identify one common electrolyte imbalance and explain what would be given to treat this and how this would be administered. Including what documentation you need to complete and how you would evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment.
5. Jack tells you that he does not want the IV fluids and that he was not going to let you give them to him. Explain your actions relating to Jack’s refusal of the IV fluids. In your answer identify who you would report this to.

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