How Effective is Controlling Diet in the Management of Insulin Dependent Type 1 Diabetes - Nursing Assignment Help

Assignment Task

Dissertation:
"How effective is controlling diet in the management of insulin dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus in children?”

INTRO:
Background - reasons why you chose the topic- what is diet- define diet - how it relates to diabetes and the relevancy - specific type 1 diabetes, Importance of diet, role of dieticians in diabetes, Young people compliance

Introduction:
The focus of this literature review is to discuss how effective controlling diet is in the management of insulin dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children. This chapter will examine the main concepts surrounding this topic, providing definitions and background knowledge to emphasise the significance of the question. Also, a rationale will be discussed regarding the subject alongside the aims and objectives.

Polices and guidelines place a focus on the importance of dietary management in controlling insulin dependent T1DM (REF). This may be due to the increase of T1DM, according to the national paediatric diabetes audit report (2013-14) T1DM is becoming more prevalent where 26,500 children and young people were identified within the UK. Nice guidelines promote dietary management in section 1.2.34 it emphasises the importance of dietary management to maintain insulin dependent T1DM, it encourages healthcare professionals to support children and young people including their carers and parents to establish awareness of nutrition and how it impacts their diabetes [2015]. Furthermore, 1.2.35 explains the importance of healthy eating regularly regarding children and young people, which consists of consuming food with low glycaemic index, the correct kind and quantity of fats and fruit and vegetables [2015].

T1DM is a chronic autoimmune disease that occurs due to insulin deficiency which results in hyperglycaemia (DiMeglio, Evans & Molina, 2018). The destruction of pancreatic ?-cells occurs as a result of ?-cell specific autoimmune process, which in turn causes insulin deficiency Szablewski, L. (2014). Typical symptomatic onset takes place between childhood and adolescence but in some cases, it can develop in adulthood (Katsarou A. G., 2017). The management of diet is crucial in controlling insulin dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus, this is to improve glycaemic control aiming to decrease complications. Upon diagnosis children and adolescents with T1DM should be promoted forms of dietary management like nutrition therapy as it can be challenging to maintain good glycaemic control and to ensure they have sufficient energy required for their growth and development Barclay, A., Gilbertson, H., Marsh, K., & Smart, C. (2010).

It is essential to maintain a good diet as a poor diet can impact the overall glycaemic control hence an issue is presented where many children and young people struggle do so (Nansel, T. R., Haynie, D. L., Lipsky, L. M., Laffel, L. M., & Mehta, S. N. (2012). To avoid complications in their health blood glucose must be maintained through balancing their diet and insulin dosage, failure to do this can result in hypoglycaemia which can cause a coma and if left untreated death. Healthcare professionals are expected to be aware of how to deal with individuals who find it difficult to maintain a healthy diet, where they must empower them to understand the extent of how effective diet management is in bettering their circumstance. Creating strategies that take into consideration their age group, especially in the cases with children, working with them in schools and the community to better their diet.

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