How To Write a Synopsis for an Assignment

Assignment Task

Introduction

• Give Background information e.g. prevalence, statistics, etc
• List down conceptual Definitions of the Constructs Under study
• Provide a brief overview of theories / Models linking the topic to the available body of knowledge
• List down the theoretical framework you will base your research work on.

Literature Review

• It mainly consists of a review of existing relevant and related research
• Subsections can be included based on the nature of your work.
• Presents relationships between different specific constructs the researcher wants to study i.e. specify the relationships between and among variables
• Correlates and predictors of outcome variables identified in research
• May consist of a combination of mathematical, graphical, and/or diagrammatical presentations
• Provide an overview of Indigenous research i.e. overview of relevant research done in Pakistan

Problem

• Identify the research gaps and justify the conduct of the study
• It serves as a guide in formulating the specific objectives of the study

Significance/Rational of the Study

• It refers to the justification, importance, and vital contribution of the findings of the study/research and its likely benefits.
• Why is it worth doing?
• The particular topic and its context will determine a study’s significance and contribution of a study in terms of: adding to the existing knowledge in the area; policy considerations; implications for practitioners etc.

Objectives of the Study

List down the main objectives of the Study.

Hypotheses/Research Questions

States the researcher’s expectations concerning the relationships between the variables or differences in groups or treatment conditions in research.

Research Design

• Specify whether descriptive, causal/explanatory, correlational, comparative, exploratory, evaluative or combination of two or more designs
• Design: Strategy & Framework
• What strategy is proposed, quantitative or qualitative?
• If both quantitative/qualitative (mixed method) approaches are targeted then what would be the mixture of the proposed strategies?

Sample/Participants

The sampling strategy, especially whether it is probability (its type), non-probability (its type), or both and what claims will be made for the generalizability of findings.

• Inclusion/exclusion criteria of the sample
• How Sample will be recruited and approached
• What would be the Sample size and how the size will be determined

Operational Definitions of the Variables (optional)

• Define constructs of the study as they will be measured/assessed

Data Collection Techniques/Assessment Measures

• Whether you will use already developed Instruments Used (provide detail).
• Whether Instruments will be developed, (give detail)
• Other ways of eliciting Data (qualitative e.g. focus group discussion, interviews, texts etc)
• Material and method for observations

Procedure

• How the data will be collected i.e. taking necessary approvals /permissions, logistic arrangements and assessment etc. Ethical Considerations: consent/access/and participants’ protection
• List down issues like informed consent, anonymity, confidentiality of data, data storage, and the use of the results etc.
• Other can be study specific like intervention and advocacy etc. etc.

Proposed Analyses

• Indicates the most appropriate analysis used for both quantitative (descriptive, inferential statistics) and qualitative data.
• Mathematical expressions must be italicized and numbered accordingly.
• All models/equations must be properly numbered..
• All major/key variables must be properly measured /categorized, indicating their specific units of measure.
• The sources of formulas must be indicated in the text.

Limitations & Delimitations (if Applicable)

• Limitations refer to limiting conditions or restrictive weaknesses.
• Delimitations refer to defining the limits or drawing the boundaries around the study, and showing clearly what is and what is not included.

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