Impact on the Availability of Platinum for Fuel Cells - Global Demand - Engineering Assignment Help

Assignment Task

1 Abstract

This is the last section to be written which, in a single paragraph, highlights the significant outcomes of the study. It is not a copy of the conclusion. It will briefly describe the study and highlight the key outcomes such as LCOE.

2 Introduction

This was an idea from a couple of groups for integrating the WBS into the report structure. This is my implementation which may differ in detail and implementation. This is done using Latex but is equally achievable in toy document preparation tools like Word (my biases are showing here :-). It also clarifies the content of the WBS and is a recommended approach for all progress reports. Marks may be deducted for inadequately presented work breakdown structures.

3 Science

Do not assign framework topics to individual team members. The difficulty and extent of work for each framework topic varies considerably and assigning topics will result in inequality in work loads. Drill into the topic and identify the tasks required to complete the topic section.

Each task identifies work which must be done so that this section of the final report can be completed. Assign tasks to team members to give an equitable sharing of the work. Each team member should have a clear understanding of what contribution they are expected to make and by when. Note the this allocation itself would ideally be collaborative.

Tasks
• Identify key scientific topics required to describe the technology - Joe Bloggs, 20/8/2020
• Search for the equations needed for this assessment - Fred Nurk, 22/8/2020
• Do a back-of-the-envelope calculation based on the formulae found above to see if this can actually work - Anne Other
• etc

Notes about tasks
–The tasks will be allocated to team members along with a deadline as required
–This list can be extended as new requirements are identified and truncated when tasks are complete
–As the required information is located and collated, the section can be written and expanded; ideally in a collaborative manner
–Identified tasks must not be removed until after the next progress report
–The final report will have no outstanding tasks

Content

Don’t include a Content subsection, this is here to describe what the Science topic includes.

The science topic needs to present the relevant science including equations, constants and assumptions. These will relate to the topic in general but may include information related to a specific site of interest such as tide height, solar insolation or wind resource. Different implementation may require specific science and the technology employed (described in the engineering topic) should be a guide to the content here.

Any information relied upon in the engineering section should be presented here.

4 Engineering

Tasks - engineering topic tasks

• What engineering approaches are available?
• Are there constraints that may be applied which impact on the engineering design (eg local fishing for a tidal project)?
• What assumptions must be made in order to apply the known science?
• etc

Content

The engineering section is about how the project can be implemented, what specific technologies,

5 Finance
Tasks - finance topic tasks

• What sources of investment funds are available?
• What is the capital cost and lifetime of the project?
• What are the ongoing operational and maintenance costs?
• What prices will competitors ask for their power?
• What is the LCOE for comparable plants?
• What sources of investment finance are there and from whom?

Content

Finance is about the management of money, cash flows, the tracking of expenditures and incomes, investments, borrowings, budgeting and forecasting.

6 Social Impacts
Tasks - social impact topic tasks

• A variety of tasks involving understanding of impacts such as:
–On individuals due to, for example, disruption, displacement, noise, pollution, traffic, costs, health etc
–On communities due to, for example, loss of amenity, loss of residents, health care, security etc
–On societies due to, for example, reputation, inflation, employment changes and opportunities, exchange rates, job opportunities etc
–On populations due to, for example, global warming, climate change, international relations, conflict, displaced persons, etc

Content

7 Environmental Impacts
Tasks - environmental impact topic tasks

• A variety of tasks involving understanding of impacts such as:
• global warming through emissions of greenhouse gases
• Ozone depletion
• Acidification of soil and water
• Eutrophication
• Photochemical ozone creation
• Depletions of abiotic resources
• Human toxicity
• Fresh water aquatic ecotoxicity
• Marine aquatic toxicity
• Terrestrial ecotoxicity
• Water pollution
• Air pollution

Content

This section will explore any potential environmental impacts. Any feasibility study would have a legal obligation to detail any known environmental impacts. In addition the granting of any licences to develop or operate any substantial project would be required to present a formal environmental impacts statement (EIS) and may be required to present detailed evaluations of specific impacts such as ground water use.

8 Risk

Risk is about how the project might cause loss or damage in a variety of scenarios. These can be risks to health, financial loss, damage etc due to events associated with the project.

Tasks - risk topic tasks
• Insurance cover
• Currency changes exposure
• System design and operation
• Competitor threats
• Risk to downstream communities
• Weather, earthquakes, fire
• Availability of services such as power and communications

Content

Risk is about all the ways the stakeholders could be put at legal or financial risk. In a similar manner to environmental impacts and financial assessments, know actual or potential risk must be disclosed.

9 Legal

The topic on legal issues addresses any legal impediments or limitations that might impact a project. This includes any local, national and international laws and treaties. There may be also be legal constraints on the operation of a project.

Tasks - legal topic tasks
• Legislation
• Codes of practice
• Patents
• Traditional land ownership
• Workplace health and safety
• Taxation, resource royalties
• Emissions and contamination
• Access to groundwater

Content

There are many levels at which legal constraints may be imposed on a project. For example, in many Australian states there are legal restrictions on the construction of nuclear power plants.

10 Economics

Economics is a social science focussed on the allocation of scarce resources.

You will find many instances of the words economic or economics being used to mean financial and these are valid uses but the discipline of economics is not one of finance and the two meanings must not be conflated.

Tasks - economics topic tasks
• How does this project compare with other projects which deliver zeroemissions energy (metric comparisons for example)?
• How might the price or demand for other projects (delivering complementary or substitute benefits) affect the demand for or price achieved for energy from this project
• How might the global demand (due to other uses) for resources required for this project affect this project from a financial or operational aspect. For example, platinum is used as a catalyst for exhaust converter in cars. How might this impact on the availability of platinum for fuel cells?
• How might the demand for labour impact on the availability of labour for this project? As another example, for hydro projects how can the competing demand for irrigation power generation and flood mitigation balanced?
• Are there local, national or global trends which will affect demand or price available?

Content

The topic on economics will address the question: Are the resources (money, human endeavour etc) being allocated to this project the best use of these resources? A common way to answer this question is to look at metrics such as dollars per tonne of CO2 abated, dollars per MWh of energy generated etc.

Comparison of metrics for alternate projects must be done considering the constraints on the project. To compare projects using metrics means ensuring that projects really are of identical utility.

11 Conclusion

This is where the overall outcome of the study is summarised. All significant and relevant outcomes are detailed here. It may include brief discussion of how assumptions affected the outcome and perhaps identify other work needed to improve the study or the outcomes.

12 Bibliography

Here is the list of references used in this report. Harvard, IEEE or other effective style is acceptable.

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