INFO411: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery - IT Assessment Answer

Subject Code: INFO411 Internal Code: 1AHCFJ

IT Assessment Answer

TASK: Task 1 Preface: The analysis of results from urban mobility simulations can provide very valuable information for the identification and addressing of problems in an urban road network. Public transport vehicles such as buses and taxis are often equipped with GPS location devices and the location data is submitted to a central server for analysis. The metropolitan city of Rome, Italy collected location data from 320 taxi drivers that work in the center of Rome. Data was collected during the period from 01/Feb/2014 until 02/March/2014. An extract of the dataset is found in taxi.csv. The dataset contains 4 attributes: 1. The ID of a taxi driver. This is a unique numeric ID. 2. Date and time in the format Y:m:d H:m:s.msec+tz, where msec is microseconds, and TZ is a time- zone adjustment. (You may have to change the format of the date into one that R can understand). 3. Latitude 4. Longitude Purpose of this task: Perform a general analysis of this dataset. Learn to work with large datasets. Obtain general information of the behaviour of some taxi drivers. Analyse and interpret results. This task also serves as a preparation for projects that will be based on this dataset. Questions:  By using the data in taxi.csv, perform the following tasks: (a) Plot the location points (2D plot). Clearly indicate points that are invalid, outliers or noise points. The plot should be informative! Clearly explain the rationale that you used when identifying invalid points, noise points, and outliers. Remove invalid points, outliers and noise points before answering the subsequent questions. (b) Compute the minimum, maximum, and mean location values. (c) Obtain the most active, least active, and average activity of the taxi drivers (most time driven, least time driven, and meantime driven). Explain the rationale of your approach and explain your results. (d) Look at the file Student_Taxi_Mapping_SIM.txt. The file contains two columns. The first column is a 4-digit student code, the 2nd column is the ID of a taxi driver. Use the first and last three digits of your student number, locate that number in the first column of the file Student_Taxi_Mapping_SIM.txt and then use the ID of the taxi driver listed in column 2. Thus, for example, if your student number is 52435736 then you would look up 5736 in file Student_Taxi_Mapping_SIM.txt to find that the corresponding taxi ID is 50. Use the taxi ID that is listed next to your 4-digit student code to answer the following questions: i. Plot the location points of taxi=ID ii. Compare the mean, min, and max location value of taxi=ID with the global mean, min, and max. iii. Compare total time driven by taxi=ID with the global mean, min, and max values. iv. Compute the distance traveled by taxi=ID. To compute the distance between two points on the surface of the earth use the following method: dlon = lon2 - lon1 dlat = lat2 - lat1 a = (sin(dlat/2))^2 + cos(lat1) * cos(lat2) * (sin(dlon/2))^2 c = 2 * atan2( sqrt(a), sqrt(1-a) ) distance = R * c (where R is the radius of the Earth) Assume that R=6,371,000 meters. With each answer: Explain what knowledge can be derived from your answer. Task 2 Preface: Banks are often posed with a problem to whether or not a client is creditworthy. Banks commonly employ data mining techniques to classify a customer into risk categories such as category A (highest rating) or category C (lowest rating). A bank collects data from past credit assessments. The file creditworthiness.csv contains 2500 of such assessments. Each assessment lists 46 attributes of a customer. The last attribute (the 47-th attribute) is the result of the assessment. Open the file and study its contents. You will notice that the columns are coded by numeric values. The meaning of these values is defined in the file definitions.txt. For example, a value 3 in the 47th column means that the customer creditworthiness is rated "C". Any value of attributes not listed in definitions.txt is "as is". This poses a "prediction" problem. A machine is to learn from the outcomes of past assessments and, once the machine has been trained, to assess any customer who has not yet been assessed. For example, the value 0 in column 47 indicates that this customer has not yet been assessed. Purpose of this task: You are to start with an analysis of the general properties of this dataset by using suitable visualization and clustering techniques (i.e. Such as those introduced during the lectures), and you are to obtain an insight into the degree of difficulty of this prediction task. Then you are to design and deploy an appropriate supervised prediction model (i.e. MLP) to obtain a prediction of customer ratings. Question 1:  Analyse the general properties of the dataset and obtain an insight into the difficulty of the prediction task. Create a statistical analysis of the attributes and their values, then list 5 of the most interesting (most valuable) attributes. Explain the reasons that make these attributes interesting. Note: A set of R-script files are provided with this assignment (included in the assignment1.zip file). The scripts provided will allow you to produce some first results. However, virtually none of the parameters used in these scripts are suitable for obtaining a good insight into the general properties of the given dataset. Hence your task is to modify the scripts such that informative results can be obtained from which conclusions about the learning problem can be made. Note that finding a good set of parameters is often very time consuming in data mining. An additional challange is to make a correct interpretation of the results. This is what you need to do: Find a good set of parameters (i.e. Through a trial and error approach), obtain informative results then offer an interpretation of the results. Write down your approach to conducting the experiments, explain your results, and offer a comprehensive interpretation of the results. Do not forget that you are also to provide an insight into the degree of difficulty of this learning problem (i.e. From the results that you obtained, can it be expected that a prediction model will be able to obtain 100% prediction accuracy?). Always explain your answers. Question 2:  Deploy a prediction model to predict the creditworthiness of customers who have not yet been assessed. The prediction capabilities of the MLP in the lab of “Classification” was very poor. Your task is to: a.) Describe a valid strategy that maximises the accuracy of predicting the credit rating. Explain why your strategy can be expected to maximise the prediction capabilities. b.) Use your strategy to train MLP(s) then report your results. Give an interpretation of your results. What is the best classification accuracy (expressed in % of correctly classified data) that you can obtain for data that were not used during training (i.e. The test set)?

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