Introduction to the 2019/20 IDP Review The Integrated Development Plan - Economics Assignment Help

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Introduction to the 2019/20 IDP Review

The Integrated Development Plan is our five-year strategic plan required in terms of the Municipal Systems Act, Act 32 of 2000, guiding the City of Johannesburg in executing its constitutional mandate. The IDP is reviewed on an annual basis to align with national and provincial strategies. It is operationalised through strategic policies as well departmental and entity business plans which aim to implement the strategic direction of the administration. The annual IDP Review cycle can be illustrated as follows: Figure 1 - IDP Review Cycle The 2019/20 IDP Review marks the third iteration of the IDP driven by the multi-party government, elected by the residents of Johannesburg in the 2016 Local Government Elections. The theme of the 2019/20 IDP Review is “Advancing Diphetogo ” as the administration seeks to refine its response to the challenges facing the City, and accelerate delivery of its priority programs in a bid to bring transformative, real changes to the residents of Johannesburg. This IDP has been developed through consultation, establishing a social contract that allows the community to hold the political leadership and administrative officials to account. It is informed by local government imperatives, the challenges the city faces, the requests by residents and the financial resources available. CITY OF JOHANNESBURG IDP 2019/20 REVIEW Page | 13 SECTION 1: Contextual Overview Johannesburg in the global urban context The world is changing and cities are at the forefront of massive changes to people, the environment and the economy. South Africa and the City of Johannesburg are no exception and subject to the large scale change happening globally. From the increase in urban poverty, to forced migration, to climate change, cities are at the nexus of change and have to learn to cope, adapt and respond positively to an increasingly volatile and rapidly changing world. Population growth rates in cities are unprecedented, with recent estimates putting the global population at 7.2 billion people, yet, urban areas account for only 3-4% of the world’s land area and hold half of the world’s population. Johannesburg adds 5 people to its population every hour and projections show that Johannesburg will reach 9.2 million people by the middle of this century (UN Population Division, 2016). Currently, developing countries experience faster population growth rates than the rest of the world, contributing to massive urban poverty, housing shortages, infrastructure backlogs, environmental degradation and political instability. On the other hand cities like Johannesburg are also key connective nodes through which global capital flows. However it is difficult to mitigate risk or predict the scale of the impact that global economic fluctuations could have at a city level. Therefore, cities in the 21st century have to consider building resilience in response to the risk and opportunities that globalisation and urbanisation presents. This means investing heavily in social and economic infrastructure, services, logistics and mass transit. However in this ever-connected world the scope of development has also begun to transcend the traditional delivery mandate of cities. Hence, the need to ensure strategic and collective action among key urban actors. Perhaps the opportunity for cities in the future will be further heightened by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals’ (SDG) Goal 11 which for the first time focuses on cities and created a global urban agenda (UN, 2015). SDG Goal 11 aims to “Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable” (UN, 2015). Similarly, the emergence of the New Urban Agenda includes the establishment of strategic partnerships by key urban actors, and is intended to serve as a roadmap to drive the implementation of the SDGs. Cities have to grapple with how to plan for change and how to keep pace with the massive changes taking place in their locales and regions. This means local government must be cognisant of the challenges the City faces and strengthen Johannesburg’s global role in order to thrive in the urban age. State of Development in Johannesburg Population growth, migration and urbanisation Gauteng is the most populous province in the country with Johannesburg contributing an estimated 5.05 million people to the total population of the province. Moreover, in the period 2016-2021 this province is expected to receive the largest inflow of people from other provinces and countries, approximately 1.04 (StatsSA, 2018). The influx of migration has contributed to Johannesburg’s population growth rate averaging 3% over the past 10 years. This is double that of the national average, with Johannesburg’s population doubling since 1996. It is estimated that Johannesburg’s population could reach 5.3 million by 2021. This requires sufficient plans for the City to deal with the challenges of an increasing city population. Migration and urbanisation are major growth factors in South African cities. Between 1996 and 2017, the percentage of South Africans living in urban areas increased from 55.1% to 65.9%. Today, almost two-thirds of South Africa is urbanised. Migration continually shapes cities. South Africa in general and Johannesburg in particular, continue to attract migrants seeking political asylum and economic opportunity. The pace and scale of internal migration between provinces and cities is complex, with movements between secondary towns, primary cities, urban core and peripheries. Migration brings cultural, political and social plurality, creating opportunities and challenges as migrants articulate diverse, multiple and complex ways of being in the city.

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