Magnetic Drive Centrifugal Pump Working Principle Assignment

Assignment Task

Introduction 

Since the first magnetic drive centrifugal pump was created in 1947, they have always been in use. Mag drives have long been the go-to pump for handling corrosive and often fatal fluids, and during the last 20 years, their application has considerably risen in the chemical process sectors.

The conventional mag-drive pump features a containment shell that prevents the pump's contents from leaking out into the atmosphere, a rotor and drive assembly that are magnetically attached to one another. The main strength of the mag-drive pump is the absence of seals, which takes away any possibility of leakage. As a result, mag drives are often employed to pump hazardous and high intrinsic value pumpage. Mag drives have a wide variety of applications that are continually being developed across a variety of industries around the world. These applications include petrochemicals in oil refineries, pharmaceuticals, and pulp and paper mills, all of which use caustic, acid, and solvent services throughout the manufacturing process. On the other hand, many of these companies do not make sufficient use of this kind of pump due to common misconceptions about the underlying technology.

Magnetic Drive Pump

The absence of a normal rotating mechanical seal is the primary design feature of the mag drive. A complete hermetic seal, with no moving components, reduces the likelihood of leakage, because of its well-known seal less design, hazardous or expensive fluids are often used with mag drives. Another benefit is that maintenance on mechanical seals and flush systems is eliminated.

Magnet-driven pumps are available in both ANSI and ISO sizes. They are available in a vast array of non-metallic designs, such as those with polymer linings, as well as in the vast majority of metal alloys. Using polymer coatings such as EFTE, a polymer design may drastically improve corrosion resistance (ethylene tetrafluoroethylene). All magnetic drives, whether metal or lined, have a severe lack of solids capacity. Mag-drives contain very small channels that lubricate the interior bearings by virtue of their design. Due to the narrowness of the channels, even the tiniest particles may damage the pump. Also, it's important to know that magnets can't be used at temperatures over their maximum safe range. When heated over a certain point, they may begin to lose their magnetic properties.

Literature Review

By using a magnetic coupling to achieve non-contact torque transmission, the magnetic drive pump is able to convert the dynamic seal into the static seal, rendering it totally leak-proof. Frequently, it is used to carry hazardous materials such as explosives, flammables, and poisons. In contrast, the magnetic drive pump is not as efficient as conventional centrifugal pumps due to the magnetic coupling's poor transmission [2]. As a result of its widespread use, turbo equipment like the magnetic drive pump need optimization efforts to help cut down on global energy consumption and boost output [3] .

Turbo equipment is optimized by CFD. Combining an optimization strategy with numerical simulation may reduce the trial-and-error process of improving pump performance. Academics have used numerical simulations to enhance pumps and turbo equipment. Some change the impeller's blade designs to increase pump efficiency.

Impeller and volute structure impact pump hydraulic performance. The performance of the pump is dependent on the optimal matching of the impeller's geometrical parameters, which cannot be achieved via empirical design. Improving the hydraulic performance of the pump necessitates altering the shape of the impeller. There is a lot of information available on how to optimize pumps; however, very little of it discusses how to optimize the meridian plane and the blades of an impeller. Because magnetic drive pumps are often on the smaller side, it may be challenging to find an impeller shape that is compatible with them and yet performs well. As a direct result of this, the pumps lose their efficiency. There has been no investigation into how high-velocity magnetic drive pumps may be optimized in the most effective manner. Filling up these knowledge gaps is the basis for the approach that is provided in this article for increasing the performance of a high-speed magnetic drive pump. The development of the best possible impeller and the enhancement of the pump's efficiency often make use of CFD [4].

Problem Statement

The most recent iteration of magnetic drive pumps has impellers that are very diminutive, which leads to inefficient pumping. The impeller is made of the corrosion-resistant material SS304L, which is used in its construction. Magnetic drive pumps that are made by JGC are used for the transmission of potentially combustible fluids. This involves increasing the rate of corrosion that the pump's impeller is subjected to. Because the toxic chemical that makes up the pump starts to break down. The intense heat in Bahrain slow down the working of magnetic drive pump. It is possible to apply specialized coatings on impellers in order to better control resistance and some recommendations for controlling overheating of bearing of magnetic drive pump. Making an effort to increase the performance of the propeller is something that should be done.

Objectives of the Project

• Studying the use of existing pumps and comparing them with normal pumps
• Analyzing the recommendations for minimizing corrosion on impeller due to flow of toxic fluid and controlling the overheating of bearing for improving the performance of magnetic pump

Methodology

One of the goal is to study the use of existing pumps should be carried out that how and where JGC company uses magnetic drive pumps. What kind of fluid flows through these pumps? What are the characteristics of these pumps? After analyzing the use of existing pump, we should compare these pumps with normal pumps that what is the difference between them. The other goal of the project, which was to analyze the corrosion effect of the pump's impeller. After that, a one-of-a-kind coating that is resistant to both water and hazardous chemicals was applied to the impeller in order to increase its resistance to these components. This was done so that it could operate more reliably under adverse conditions. This coating was applied with the intention of shielding the impeller from the aforementioned environmental factors. Recommendations of controlling overheating of magnetic drive pumps due to high temperature of environment and fluid flowing through the pump.

Engineering Standards

Pumps and its parts must adhere to many standards, such as ISO, ASME, API, and ANSI which cover topics including efficiency, design, size, dynamics, and testing,

API controls petroleum pumping. API rules cover describe testing, systems, and equipment design in petroleum, oil and gas, and petrochemical industries. These are the best available pumps. API 610 exclusively covers mechanically sealed magnetic drive pumps, unlike API 685.

All aspects of sealless centrifugal pumps, including their testing, design, dynamics, and materials, are spelled out in API 685. Canned motor pumps, magnetic rotor pumps, eddy-current/torque ring drives and synchronous, and so on are all examples of single-stage pumps.

Standard (Mechanically Sealed Pumps)

API 610 defines minimum criteria for hydraulic power recovery turbines and mechanically sealed centrifugal pumps. Both ASME B73.3 and B73.1 apply to horizontal end-suction centrifugal pumps used in chemical processes. The former refers to radially split, single-stage pumps, mechanically sealed, overhung, sealless versions.

Horizontal end-suction sealless centrifugal pumps are necessary for the chemical process. Overhung, Horizontal, radially split, end-suction, sealless pumps are the scope of this norm. The pipes and the base don't have to be replaced if you decide to switch pump brands.

This standard describes sealless rotodynamic pumps used in the chemical, treatment plants, and petrochemical industries. It considers pump selection, implementation, servicing, and safe operation. ISO 15783 doesn't include dimensions and hydraulic performance, but ISO 5199 does.

This defines minimum bearing life, arrangement, and seal configurations. ISO 5199 has stricter vibration limits than ASME B73.1. [5].

Project Risks

Current Limitations

• The greatest disadvantage of the present bearing-less canned-motor pump is its exorbitant price, which is comparable to that of bellows and diaphragm pumps of comparable size and materials.
• At high temperatures, magnetic drive pump working efficiency goes down due to magnets.
• When the pump runs dry or operates at very low flows, the lubricant tends to disappear and the bearings will overheat.

Obstacles

• The high temperatures in Bahrain reduce the effectiveness of magnetic drive pumps.
• The fluid flowing through the pump is toxic and flammable.

Risks

Magnets lose their magnetism at a certain temperature. To avoid this problem, magnets should be constructed from a material that can tolerate temperatures 30 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit) greater than the maximum operating temperature.

Corrosion occurs in acidic environments with a pH between 2.0 and 3.0. Pump components corrode with time. This shows the importance of a high-quality impeller: Pumping caustic fluids through a cast iron impeller can corrode it and produce corrosive issues to the pump [6].

Overcome the Risks

Since JGC uses these pumps to pump potentially hazardous fluids, it is logical to suppose that the impellers of these pumps will get damaged at some time. As a direct consequence of this, we are implementing preventative measures to protect our impellers against corrosion. As a direct result of this, putting an impeller coating to an impeller not only makes it more resistant to corrosion, but it also makes it last far longer. To control the overheating of the bearing of magnetic pump we must lubricate them with proper fluids and different techniques we will discuss further.

Bahrain Perspective

The temperature in Bahrain makes it difficult to enjoy the country's breathtaking surroundings. If a magnetic drive pump is heated above what is considered an acceptable operating temperature, the magnets within will lose their ability to produce a magnetic field. Whenever you are working with hot liquids, you should never let your pump run dry or in any other scenario that might lead to a buildup of heat on the inside of the pump. In Bahrain, magnetic drive pumps are required to have the appropriate amount of lubrication. The lifetime of magnetic drive pumps may be increased by boosting pump efficiency, which can be accomplished by thermal analysis and protective coating.

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