MED6262 - Biostatistics in Clinical Medicine - Nursing Assignment Help

Assignment Task

1. A new drug is being proposed for the treatment of migraine headaches. Unfortunately some users in early tests of the drug have reported mild nausea as a side effect. The FDA will reject the drug if it thinks that more than 15% (i.e. 0.15) of the population would suffer from this side effect. In an experiment to test this side effect, 400 people who suffer from migraine headaches receive the new drug and 80 of them report nausea as a side effect. 
(a) Define the parameter of interest, giving appropriate notation and writing a sen tence saying what it is. 
(b) Specify the null and alternative hypotheses. 
(c) Carry out the steps of hypothesis testing to determine if the FDA should reject the drug. 
2. In a study of patients on sodium-restricted diets, 55 patients with hypertension were studied. Among these, 24 were on sodium-restricted diets. Of 149 patients without hypertension, 36 were on sodium-restricted diets. We would like to know if we can con clude that, in the sampled population, the proportion of patients on sodium-restricted diets is higher among patients with hypertension than among patients without hyper tension. 
(a) Define the parameters of interest, giving appropriate notation and writing sen tences saying what they are. 
(b) State null and alternative hypotheses. 
(c) Calculate the test statistic. 
(d) Find the rejection region for the test if α = 0.05 
(e) Use the results in parts (c) and (d) to draw the appropriate conclusion. 
3. The weight of an aspirin tablet is 300 mg according to the bottle label. An Food and Drug Administration (FDA) investigator weighs seven tablets and obtained the following weights: 299, 300, 305, 302, 299, 301, and 303 mg. Should the investigator reject the claim? 
(a) Set up the null and alternative hypothesis for this test; 
(b) Find the test-statistics; 
(c) Find the p-value; 
(d) The critical limits for a significance level of 1% and 
(e) What are your conclusions about the investigators claim? 
4. In a sleeping laboratory experiment, 16 volunteers averaged 7.4 of sleeping hours with a standard deviation of 1.3 hours. What would be the 5% critical limit for testing the hypothesis that the average sleeping time is 7.0 hours? 
(a) Set up the null and alternative hypothesis for this test; 
(b) Find the test-statistics; 
(c) Find the p-value; 
(d) State all assumptions 
(e) What would be your conclusions about this test? 
5. A hospital exercise laboratory technician noted that, the resting pulse rates of five joggers are 60, 58, 59, 61, and 67, while the resting pulse rate of seven non-exercisers are 83, 60, 75, 71, 91, 82, and 84. Technician want to know if the mean resting pulse rate for all joggers is different from the non-exercisers. 
(a) Set up the null and alternative hypothesis for this test; 
(b) Find the test-statistics; 
(c) Find the p-value; 
(d) Establish 5% and 10% critical limits for testing the hypothesis of no (or zero) difference in pulse rate between the joggers and non-exercisers; 
(e) What would be your conclusions about this test? 
6. A medical researcher claims that high vitamin C intake increases endurance. In partic ular, he claimed a 1000 mg of vitamin C per day for one month should add an average of 4.3 minutes to the possible length of maximum physical effort. Military training officers believed the claim has been exaggerated and planned to conduct a test on 400 soldiers. Suppose the sample means increase was only 4.2 minutes and the standard deviation of added minutes was 3.2: 
(a) Set up the null and alternative hypotheses for this test; 
(b) Find an appropriate test-statistics; 
(c) Calculate the 95% confidence interval 
(d) What is your conclusion about medical researcher claim? 
7. Table gives B( before) and A(after) treatment data for obese female patients in a weight loss program. 
B (before) 117.3 111.4 98.6 104.3 105.4 100.4 81.7 89.5 78.2 A (After) 83.3 85.9 75.8 82.9 82.3 77.7 62.7 69.0 63.9 
We wish to know if we may conclude, at the 95% confidence level, that the treatment is effective in causing weight reduction in these people. 
(a) Specify the null and alternative hypothesis using notations. 
(b) Clearly state your assumptions. 
(c) Compute the test statistics. 
(d) Report your conclusion. 
8. Using SPSS, complete the Textbook questions in Exercise 7.4.2. Write a simple report based on the available data. 
 

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