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MMED 2933: Fundamental Neuroscience - Exposure of Nicotine Acetylcholine Receptors - Science Assessment Answer
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Subject Code: MMED2933
Internal Code: 1AHEIF
Science Assessment Answer
TASK: Question 1 Prolonged exposure of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors to acetylcholine results in a change in the receptors that decreases their subsequent sensitivity to acetylcholine (i.e. higher acetylcholine concentrations are then needed to activate the receptor). This modification is known as desensitization. Some nerve terminals that release acetylcholine also contain the peptide neurotransmitter, calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP). Following high frequency stimulation of these terminals, the post-synaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors become phosphorylated. Once phosphorylated, the receptors desensitize much more rapidly. The phosphorylation of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor requires release of CGRP from the presynaptic terminals and a subsequent post-synaptic increase in cyclic AMP. Page 1 (a) Briefly discuss why a neurotransmitter peptide such as CGRP provides a suitable means to signal to the post-synaptic neuron that there has been high frequency stimulation of the nerve terminals. (b) Outline a plausible series of molecular changes following the release of CGRP from the presynaptic terminal that could account for the increase in cyclic AMP and the phosphorylation of nicotinic receptors in the postsynaptic neuron. (c) What changes would need to occur within the post-synaptic neuron to switch off all features of the response described in part (b) following subsequent degradation of the CGRP or its diffusion away from the post-synaptic neuron? Question 2 Four research articles are listed below that investigated aspects of GABA-mediated neurotransmission in normal function or in disease. You should choose one of these articles and obtain a copy. (You should be able to access copies electronically via the Library website or, in most instances, from the journal website.) Note: Some of these papers have supplementary files available online. In answering the questions (and particularly part c related to methods) you might need to access these supplementary files to find relevant information. The questions below ask you to extract some key information from the paper you have selected and present it in your own words. You will probably not need to read the whole paper. Most (but not all) of the information you need will be in the Abstract and Introduction. You will not necessarily need to understand all of the details in the Methods and Results sections of the papers. You will be assessed on your ability to understand key information and describe it in your own words within the specified word limits. You will lose marks for not using your own words, for exceeding the word limits or for not citing any sources at the end of your answers.This Science Assessment has been solved by our Science experts at My Uni Paper. Our Assignment Writing Experts are efficient to provide a fresh solution to this question. We are serving more than 10000+ Students in Australia, UK & US by helping them to score HD in their academics. Our Experts are well trained to follow all marking rubrics & referencing style.