Highlights
Clinical Scenario
You are required to read the following scenario:
Elenore is a 16 year old who attended the rural accident and emergency department (ED) complaining of lower abdominal pain. Accompanied by her mother, Elenore was initially triaged by the registered nurse (RN) who recorded her vital signs and found them to be within normal parameters and also recorded a pain score of 3 out of 10. The RN also tested Elenore’s urine and no abnormalities were detected, hence, she was asked to sit in the waiting room with her mother until she could be seen by a medical officer. At that point, a number of people were admitted to the ED as a result of being injured in a motor vehicle accident (MVA) that had involved a number of cars and a motorcyclist, therefore, Elenore was kept waiting. The motorcyclist had major head, leg and chest injuries whilst the other patients had a number of significant but not so critical injuries. Elenore and her mother were informed by the nurse of the accident and advised that there may be a delay. While they waited, they noticed how short staffed the department appeared to be and so did not want to complain.
Four hours after her initial presentation, Elenore was called through to the treatment area of the ED where a doctor commenced her examination. By this time her pain score had increased to 5 out of 10, and her vital signs were indicative of her discomfort. Prior to completing his examination, the doctor was called to attend to one of the patients in the MVA who was deteriorating. Unfortunately, the cause of Elenore’s abdominal pain at this point was unknown but as he left the doctor ordered her to be kept nil by mouth (NbM), to have intravenous (IV) fluids, pain relief and a full blood count. The RN explained the treatment and the plan of care in full to Elenore and her mother, following which she commenced IV fluids and organized for a full blood count to be done along with continued monitoring of the patient’s vital signs. However, Elenore declined pain relief advising that she may be pregnant and that she did not want her mother to know. The nurse did however, inform the doctor who ordered an urgent ultrasound scan, confirming pregnancy but no fetal heartbeat.
NUM1205 Legal and Ethical Requirements in Nursing and Midwifery Practice, Semester 1 2021 1
Elenore subsequently heavily haemorrhaged vaginally, and the doctor ordered more blood specimens for haemoglobin (HB) group and hold in preparation for surgery to evacuate the remaining uterine contents, at which time her mother advised that she and Elenore were Jehovah’s Witnesses. Consent for surgery was gained and on the way to the operating theatre Elenore stated that she was happy to consent to receive blood products if necessary and the doctor was informed. During the operation, Elenore lost a significant amount of blood and the doctor ordered a blood transfusion to save her life. In the operating theatre, nursing staff assisted the doctor to complete the blood transfusion. Following the procedure, Elenore was transferred to recovery area and then to award. Her mother was angry and aggressive towards the nurses when she discovered that her daughter had a blood transfusion in progress.
Content
The overall aim of this presentation is to use the specific and relevant elements of the clinical scenario as the basis from which to demonstrate your knowledge and understanding of the unit content (legal and ethical issues including nursing legislation i.e. the RN’s professional codes and standards), and how it applies in the clinical situation. Your task is to develop a recorded presentation synthesising the relevant unit content, discussing it in relation to the relevant areas of the case study and in relation to the nursing legislation. A synthesis means the combination of components or elements to form a connected whole: combine the concepts within your presentation, rather than presenting them one by one. In doing this you will provide an analysis: a detailed examination. Also, consider categorising the concepts and presenting them as themes and do any of the ethical theories or principles conflict with each other or with the law? For example, we have discussed the two main ethical theories of Utilitarianism and Deontology. You may decide to discuss them together using the relevant elements/aspects of the clinical scenario as the basis for the discussion but ensuring that you demonstrate your knowledge of those concepts and their relationship/application to the clinical situation. DO NOT DEMONSTRATE YOUR KNOWLEDGE OF CLINICAL EXPERTISE: THIS IS ABOUT LAW AND ETHICS. You will also need to link how this relates to the relevant aspect of nursing legislation e.g. the RN Standards for Practice or the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses and any conflicts that may exist.
Remember that when you introduce a concept you will need to define/explain them for the audience, in this case the marker. Do not assume they know what you mean. They need to know that you know! Also, you may find it useful to use the Ethical Decision Making Framework to aid your planning.
The concepts that you should consider are:
• Possible Ethical Dilemma/s associated with the clinical scenario
• Utilitarianism and Deontology
• Beneficence, Non-Maleficence, Autonomy, Justice (distributive justice)
• Capacity/ legal capacity and competence/ mature minor
• Consent/ the elements of informed consent
• Veracity (truth-telling)
• Fidelity
• The Tort of Negligence/ Components of Negligence
• Duty of Care/ Scope of Practice
• Documentation
You will be assessed on the quality of the application of theory (unit content) to practice and the quality and depth of the analysis presented. You will also be assessed on your ability to support your discussion with evidence from appropriate literature, including the quality and relevance of that literature.
There is a minimum of 10 references required, although you should read widely and incorporate that reading into your presentation. The more you read, the more evidence you will find to weave into your analysis and support your ethical and legal claims. References for this presentation should be within 5 years of publication only. References should be from a valid source (peer-reviewed journals, government organizations, and professional online websites and resources e.g. Department of Health, Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, etc.). All must be relevant to Australia. References should support the ethical and legal/professional information as opposed to clinical information.
Presentation
The basis of the presentation must be a PowerPoint uploaded to Panopto and then recorded using the audio and video in order that you can be both heard and seen presenting, in addition to seeing the powerpoint (This is how the Lectures/ILA’s are presented for this unit). Ensure you speak clearly to maximize understanding. The presentation will be no longer than 10 minutes. If it is shorter than 10 minutes, then it is unlikely that you have covered all aspects of the assignment.
At the beginning of the presentation, you will introduce yourself by showing your Student (picture) ID card clearly in order to identify yourself. This can then be checked against the recording of you presenting. The presentation must include an introduction, a body and a conclusion/summary/closing statement. The presentation will be marked using the Assessment 2 marking rubric, which you will find in the Assessment 2 folder on the unit Blackboard site. Please read each criterion carefully and reflect the positive criteria in your presentation. Please consider both the rubric and the assignment brief carefully as you construct your presentation. You will also be assessed on the quality of your presentation and ability to engage your audience, since the ability to engage and maintain engagement of others e.g. patients, peers etc. is an important component of health education in all areas of expertise.
You will be assessed for ELP within this assignment, although NUM1205 is not a prescribed unit for ELP. As such ELP will be assessed as part of the ‘Presentation’ component of the rubric. Ensure that you pay close attention to the construction of sentences when used and ensure spelling, grammar and syntax are correct where relevant. Poor ELP will detract from the content of the presentation if you are unable to articulate the true meaning that you are trying to convey, and this may lose valuable marks.
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