NURS9222-Critical Review Protocol or Plan Development - Medical Science Assignment Help

Assignment Task

Introduction
A pandemic is an epidemic that has spread across the globe and is no longer confined to a particular region. Coronavirus is fast approaching a pandemic with several nations implementing pandemic measures (International Labor Organization, 2021). As the globe faces the most serious impact and widespread pandemic in recent history infecting millions of individuals, controlling the spread of coronavirus is still restricted to efforts done by public/organizations implementing restrictions and rules passed by organizations and governments. This paper aims to search for practices, attitudes, and knowledge related to covid-19 among the general population or public. A critical review question has been established to produce valid and reliable evidence to control the spread of covid-19 and adhere to appropriate preventative practices. 

Background

Covid-19 as reported by WHO is triggered by the inhalation of contaminated droplets with viral particles or by touching the eyes, mouth, and nose post an individual's hand comes in contact with a contaminated surface. To control the spread various rules and restrictions have been published. This includes maintaining at least 1m distance, thoroughly cleaning hands, avoid going to crowded places, covering nose and mouth, self-isolation, staying home, wearing a mask, medical attention, and various others (Sakr et al., 2021). 
Although several detecting tests and vaccines have been developed, prevention seems to be the actionable plan at the spot to decrease the spread of Covid-19. Prevention depends upon decisive measures by governments and how public follow these rules and restriction to prevent the spread (Velavan & Meyer, 2020). Hence, there is a need to understand the current knowledge of the general population and the gaps thereof. 

Critical review question

To choose the most suitable information source and design a search strategy it is crucial what type of question has been developed. A specific, narrow foreground or a broader question helps give context to the research. Using a structured question frame help to define the variables or concepts that make up the specific research question. PICO(T) is the most common question frame utilized in health science research, where the question is composed of patient/population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and timeframe (Milner & Cosme, 2017). 

Review question established

For covid-19 patients, does following covid-19 rules and restrictions compared to participating in social gatherings prevent the spread of the virus?

Search Methodology
It is the part of the research paper that explains the research process in detail. It describes the purpose of the research, type of research, data collecting methods, how the analyses of data are done, the kind of resources used, and so on. Having established a review question a questionnaire and key search terms are identified. 

Questionnaire

The questionnaire is an instrument for research that comprises a list of questions and a choice of answers in a sequence to acquire specific information from the participants (Daniel, 2020). Directions are generally clear, complete, and is as short as possible. Online questionnaire surveys are done as they have a quick response rate and are cost-effective. 

Justification of articles

Primary quantitative peer-reviewed studies, systematic reviews, and descriptive analysis are significantly used. Justification of research comes from an in-depth search and analysis of the existing literature around the topic (de Souza et al., 2020). The credibility of the evidence is categorized into its validity, reliability, and feasibility. Systematic review studies include peer critical analysis of several research papers linked to the problem and are considered as the ultimate standard for evidence-based practice (Razumovskaia et al., 2020). Research emphasis on identifying, interpreting, and analyzing patterns of themes within the data set. Secondary search is not time-consuming and is cost-effective. It helps to identify gaps that serve as the basis for further systematic investigation. Researchers are not directly involved in the data collection process. 

Literature review plan

Literature search includes a wide range of literature, balanced review, critical appraisal, conflicting evidence, rationales, and limitations. A critical appraisal framework is required to review literature, rank the evidence, and summarize each study. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) offers appraisal tools for the critique of research. The “CASP systematic review checklist” broadly considers three key issues which include are the results of the study are valid, will the results help locally, and what are the results. There are 10 questions that help researchers to make sense of a systematic review (Critical Appraisal Skills Program, 2018). 

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