1. Primate transferrin experienced repeated positive selection at the binding boundary with bacterial TbpA
2. Transferrin divergence in humans and chimpanzees causes the TbpA binding site to be reversed and impaired
3. The genetic variation in the TbpA of some human pathogens (e.g., Haemophilus influenzae) is evaded due to the C2 transferrin polymorphism in humans.
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