Highlights
Question 1
This question is based on the information below.
Below the information (underneath "True/False") are five true/false questions each worth one mark.
Suppose that the causal equation (call it (1.1)) for a variable Y; is
Question 2
This question is based on the same information as Question I (repeated below for convenience) plus the additional information underneath "Additional information for
Below the information (underneath 'True/False") are five true/false questions each worth one mark.
Suppose that the causal equation (call it (1.1)) for a variable Y, is
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