PSY2PRM:Psychological Performance Enhancement Techniques - Statistics Assignment Help

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Psychological Performance Enhancement Techniques (PET) are often employed to help improve performance on a variety of tasks. Self-talk is a type of PET and is assumed to improve performance as it helps improve concentration, adjust arousal, and clear the mind of negative self-talk (e.g., ‘I can’t do this’). In the present experiment, 3 self-talk strategies were compared to determine if motivational (e.g., ‘I can do this!’), instructional (e.g., ‘smooth follow through’), or unrelated (e.g., ‘the sky is blue’) self-talk strategies differentially impacted upon the performance of a golf putt. Participants were randomly allocated into PET groups and performed 2 trials of 10 golf putts, one trial prior to using the technique and one trial after using the technique. Participants received a score based on the proximity of the ball to the target, higher scores for better attempts. A difference score (putt2 minus putt1) was calculated and higher scores for ‘PUTTDIF’ indicate more improvement from the first putt. Participants also completed a questionnaire prior to the study which measured their level of ‘Competitiveness’.

This was measured as it was assumed that some participants may be more motivated to perform better than others, and a measure of trait competiveness enabled a check of this assumption. This data is given in a SPSS data file called 2021 PSY2PRM Assignment 2 PET.sav in the PRM Assignment folder on LMS. Follow the instructions below to create a dataset that is unique to your student id number. (1) On LMS, open the 2021 PSY2PRM Assignment 2 PET.sav file. (2) On LMS, open “SPSS syntax for creating my own data. 2021 sps”. (3) In the SPSS SYNTAX Window, change the number in the SET SEED command from 12345678 to your Student ID. (4) In the SPSS SYNTAX Window, highlight all commands up to and including the EXECUTE command and click RUN. This syntax generates a set of data unique to your Student ID, trims extreme data and rounds data to whole numbers. (5) Finally, save your data now (in your own area, say “JaneDoe Assignment2.sav”) and proceed with your statistical analysis. (6) you should now see 2 new variables ‘PuttDiffNew’ and ‘CompetitiveNew’- ‘COMPETITIVE’ and ‘PuttDiff’ variables are now deleted from your new file to avoid confusion. Q1 Check that the sample of men and women do not differ in their putt difference scores. What statistical test will you use to compare these means? (a) Report the test that you have selected, naming the independent and dependent variables (.5). (b) Report, in APA format, the results of the test (.5). (Total-1 mark)

Q2 You now proceed to an analysis of putting performance. Report tests of the assumptions that: (a) Putt difference scores are normally distributed within each of the three PET groups(.5). (b) The variances of putt difference scores are homogeneous between the PET groups (.5). (Total- 1 mark) Regardless of what you find, for the purposes of this assignment, you are NOT required to transform variables. Questions PSY2PRM Assignment 2 (ANOVA)

Q3 In regard to descriptive statistics: Construct, in APA format, a table of sample sizes, means and standard deviations of putt difference for each PET group. (Total- 1 mark)

Q4 Plot a bar chart with 95% CI, in APA format, of the mean putting difference score of each group. (Total-1 mark) Conduct a test of mean putting difference between all three PET groups (i.e., one-way design) (Q.5), with appropriate post-hoc comparisons (Q.6) between the means (to control the Type I error rate).

Q5 (a) Name the test that you have selected and the independent and dependent variables (.5). (b) Present the ANOVA summary table, in APA format. (.5) (Total- 1 mark)

Q6 (a) Report the results of the ANOVA, in APA format. (.5) (b) Report on post-hoc comparisons between means. (.5) (Total- 1 mark) Finally, you consider that ‘competitiveness’ may play an important role in determining which participants improve. So, you decide that a two-way design might be more appropriate to demonstrate the interaction between PET groups and Competitiveness groups (‘CompGroup’ = high and low competitive scores).

Q7 Report the main and interaction results of the test, in APA format. (Total- 1 mark). Q8 Present the ANOVA summary table, in APA format. (Total- 1 mark) Q9 Regardless of the interaction result (whether significant or not), conduct a simple main effects analysis of CompGroup within each PET, and report on these effects. (.5 for appropriate SPSS output, .5 for appropriate reporting) (Total- 1 mark) Q10 Regardless of the interaction result, conduct a simple main effects analysis of PET within each level of CompGroup, and report on these effects. (.5 for appropriate SPSS output, .5 for appropriate reporting) (Total- 1 mark).

Notes: The appropriate SPSS output is required immediately after each answer, otherwise you will lose marks. Submit your assignment electronically as a single file uploaded in .doc, or .docx format, via the PRM Assignment 2 link. It is due at 4pm on the 31st of May, with a 1000 word limit. After the due date, you will not be able to submit your assignment unless you contact the Assistant Coordinator. Good Luck

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