PUBH6005: Epidemiology and Different Types of Research - Medical Science Assignment Help

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Assignment Task

Learning Outcomes

This assessment addresses the following subject learning outcomes:

  • Differentiate between different types of research designs, including observation and experimental
  • Linking exposure and disease, generalisablility & feasibility

 

Instructions:

This assignment has two parts. PART 1 involves reading three research articles, and applying what you have learned about epidemiological measures and study design to answer a series of short answer questions. PART 2 requires you to consider several health issues and decide the most appropriate study design for investigating that health issue. Students are to log in to their Blackboard account and complete the assignment in the prescribed link on the Blackboard page.

 

PART 1

The Whitehall study is a ground-breaking longitudinal (prospective cohort) study that clearly demonstrated the association between social determinants of health (the social gradient) and morbidity and mortality (cardiovascular disease) in a population of British civil servants (Breeze et al., 2001; Chandola et al., 2008; Marmot et al., 1978). You can find these articles in this brief. The titles of the articles are hyperlinked.

Read these papers and answer the following questions.

1. What is the sampling frame for any of the Whitehall study (Whitehall I or II)?Marmot et al,1978 is the Whitehall I, Breeze and Chandola et al papers refers to Whitehall II

2. How was disease risk assessed (both in data collection and analysis) in each of the three studies and why?

3. To what extent can the results of each of the three studies be generalised to other populations (include reasons for your answer)?

4. Would it be feasible to conduct a similar study in Australia using an existing cohort such as the 45 and up study cohort or the Australian Women’s longitudinal study cohort? Why or why not?

 

PART 2

For each of the following scenarios identify the best study design to explore each health issue and explain your reason for choosing this study design. Include an explanation of advantages and disadvantages of using the selected study design and include ethical considerations. Support your reasons with justification and referenced examples of a research study.

1. Causal relationship between smoking and coronary heart disease

2. Association between overweight, obesity and osteoarthritis of the knee

3. Long term effects of detention on the mental and physical health of asylum seekers

4. Relationship between flow intake of folate supplementation during pregnancy and development of neural tube defects in offspring

5. Testing and comparing the effectiveness of two different types of exercise programs to prevent falls in older adults

 

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