PYB102 - Laboratory Report Task Sheet - Sperling’s Experiments - Psychology Report Writing Assessment Answer

Assessment Task:

PYB102: Psychology Report Writing Assessment Answer

This assessment task is designed to develop your skills in reporting experimental research in psychology. In our online experiment we will replicate some elements of Sperling’s (1960) series of experiments in order to gain a better understanding of Iconic Memory. Sperling’s Experiments

 Sperling (1960) was interested in how much information we can see in a brief visual display. He conducted a series of experiments to answer this question.

 He presented matrices of letters (and sometimes digits) to the participants for very brief periods of time (e.g., 200ms).

                                                                G H V T
                                                                M B P L
                                                                F J W R

 The whole-report task

 Sperling asked the participants to recall as many of the letters as they could.

– This is called a whole-report task.
 He found that no matter how many letters he presented, the participants could not recall more than 4.5 letters on average.

 The partial position report task
 Sperling asked whether this limit of 4.5 letters reflected the amount participants could see or the amount they could recall or remember. He tried to answer this by lowering the memory load of the task.

 This partial position report task went as follows;
– The participants viewed the matrix of letters for a brief time.
– After the letters disappeared, the participants were presented with a sound to tell them which row to recall (partial position report task).
– The participants reported only what they remembered from the probed row.

Sperling argued that the proportion of letters recalled from a given row must reflect the proportion of letters seen in the whole display.

– This is reasonable because the participants did not know which row would be probed while the letters were visible.

 Sperling found that the participants could recall about 75% of the letters in any row.

– Thus, Sperling extrapolated that the participants must have ‘seen’ 9 of the 12 letters in his display.

 The partial category report task
 In one of his experiments, Sperling presented matrices containing an equal number of both consonants and digits and used two auditory probes to tell participants to report either the letters or the digits.

 Unlike his earlier experiments where the probe identified which row (position) to report, Sperling (1960) did not observe a partial report superiority effect when he used this partial category report task.

 This suggests that the contents of the icon are not yet "recognised" - that the icon is just a "raw visual image".

Your Task
Your task for this assessment in PYB102 is to write up the results of our online experiment as a Laboratory Report containing a Title Page, Abstract, Introduction, Method, Results, Discussion and References. Full details as to how to do this are given in the tutorials in Weeks 5 and 6 so please
refer to the tutorial slides on Blackboard for the specific requirements of each section of the Laboratory Report.

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