Quantitative Data Analysis - Understanding the Spread of Misinformation - Statistics Assignment Help

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PART 1A Quantitative Data Analysis — Understanding the spread of misinformation [12 marks] You are working as a researcher at a public health organisation. Your task is to analyse data in JASP and report the results from a study that investigated whether people are misled when sources of information have “false consensusâ€. You will need to answer the questions below. The experiment The data you will analyse are based on an experiment by Yousif, Aboody, and Keil (2019). The researchers investigated one factor that could contribute to the spread of misinformation: whether people are sensitive to important cues to the degree of consensus—general agreement about a conclusion—when assessing a set of arguments on a specific topic. In particular, Yousif et al. (2019) tested whether people are more convinced by a conclusion that has “true consensus†(the conclusion of each argument is based on independent primary sources) than when it has “false consensus†(the conclusion of each argument is actually based on only one primary source). In the experiment, participants were presented with fictional news articles about the Japanese economy, and were asked to rate their confidence in the conclusion that “Japan’s economy will continue to improveâ€. Across three conditions, Yousif et al. (2019) manipulated the sources that were cited in the news articles. Participants were randomly allocated to each condition in a between-participants design. The three conditions were: • True-consensus condition, in which there were four positive news articles (supporting the conclusion) and one negative article (rejecting the conclusion), all citing different primary sources. • False-consensus condition, in which there were four positive news articles and one negative article, but the positive articles all citied the same primary source. The negative article cited a different source. • No-consensus condition, in which there was only one positive and one negative news article, each citing a different primary source. Yousif et al. (2019) expected that confidence ratings would be higher for the true-consensus condition than for the no-consensus condition, but the key question was what would happen in the false-consensus condition. If people care only about the number of primary sources, then confidence in the false-consensus condition should match that of the no-consensus condition—there are two primary sources in each condition (one positive and one negative). However, if instead, people focus on just the number of secondary sources, then confidence in the false-consensus condition should match that of the true-consensus condition—both have four positive news articles and one negative article. To check that participants read the news articles properly and attended to the citations in the first place, at the end of the experiment participants were shown a list of 10 sources and were asked to indicate which had been cited in the articles. The data To analyse the (partly fictitious) data, you will need to:

1. Download the PS2data1A.csv dataset.

2. Open the dataset in JASP. The variables in the dataset are as follows: • ParticipantID: Participant ID number. • Condition: True = True-consensus, False = false-consensus, No = no-consensus • SourceAccuracy: The participant’s accuracy (% correct) at identifying which sources had been cited in the articles. • Confidence: Rating of agreement in the conclusion about Japan’s economy, from 0 (strongly disagree) to 100 (strongly agree). For the purposes of this assessment, you will perform one assumption check as instructed below. You can otherwise assume that the assumptions for all statistical tests are met. Write your answers to the questions in the space provided. There will be a separate textbox for each question. Each question will give you a guide to the expected length of your response and the points allocated to each question. Refer to the Marking guidelines to see the criteria for each question. When you have answered all the questions, select.

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