Quantity of Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) Molecules - Nursing Assignment Help

Assignment Task

Abstract:
Chondrocytes are the logical choice for tissue-engineered cartilage repair since they represent the resident cell population and are consequently capable of proliferation and cartilage-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) production and deposition. The variety of effects on the behaviour of these chondrocyte cells is culture specific. In this study Agarose gel is the culture medium. The observation show that a small change in concentration or mechanical properties (stiffness) of the culture medium exhibit significant changes in the quantity of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) molecules secreted from the chondrocyte cells. Glycosaminoglycans have many functions within the body. They play an important role in cell growth and proliferation. They support the health maintenance of skin proteins such as elastin and collagen also they provide support to the tissues that have resistance to compressive loads , which is why they are involved in many biological processes and interactions Culture period also affects the GAG secretion. In this study we can look at the difference in secretion of GAG,s at day 0 and day 7. A concentration of 4% and 6% agarose constructs are looked at in this report, and a variety of methods are used to help understand the cause for the secretion of GAG molecules, and the mechanical properties of the agarose gel.
Introduction:
This study involves a tissue culture where an agarose gel culture is prepared at two distinct (but not so wide apart) concentrations, such that an observation between concentration of agarose gel and its effect on release of GAGs from chondrocyte cells can be noted. Articular cartilage is hyaline cartilage and is 2 to 4 mm thick. Unlike most tissues, articular cartilage does not have blood vessels, nerves, or lymphatics. It is composed of a dense extracellular matrix (ECM) with a sparse distribution of highly specialized cells called chondrocytes. The first step in tissue-engineered cartilage repair is the biopsy of cartilaginous tissue containing chondrocytes. Tissue engineering involves regenerating tissues and organs of patients that are damaged an unable to function, using healthy tissues from the damaged region. Articular cartilage is avascular, and due to lack of blood supply to this tissue, it isn’t able to repair itself. This is where the use of tissue engineering stands prominent where it addresses the issue with a solution as to how to generate cartilage cells. The function of articular cartilage is to enable smooth movement of joints, and also acts as a shock absorber by resisting compression from certain loads. This allows mobility and a wide range of movement around the joints. Many diseases such as arthritis are one of the many reasons why cartilage wears and degrades over time. As mentioned, there is an approach to restore and regenerate cartilage cells (chondrocytes), which involves extracting cartilage cells from a healthy region of the damaged joint and subjecting these cells into an environment.

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