SEC528 - Security In Wireless Network - Computer Science Assignment Help

Assignment Task

Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of billions of small and big communicating devices. Wireless sensor networks are a subset of IoT, and the devices are small sensor nodes, having power and memory constraints and addressed using Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6). An ad-hoc wireless network is a temporary network set up by wireless mobile computers (or nodes) moving arbitrarily in places with no network infrastructure. Since the nodes communicate with each other, they cooperate by forwarding data packets to other nodes in the network. Thus, the nodes find a path to the destination node using routing protocols. However, due to security vulnerabilities of the routing protocols, ad-hoc wireless networks are unprotected from attacks of the malicious nodes. RPL has been designed for constrained devices and networks. RPL-based networks can be exposed to a wide variety of security attacks. One of the most serious attacks in RPL is a blackhole attack, where a malicious node silently drops all the packets that it is supposed to forward. In this project, we will try to implement a blackhole attack in RPL through Contiki OS by Cooja simulator.

Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks is a standardized routing protocol for the IoT. It was designed for constrained devices and networks. The design of RPL is a combination of multiple Destination Oriented Directed Acyclic Graph (DODAG) networks, each of which considers many wireless sensor devices connected to a DODAG root. To establish and maintain the DODAG graph and routing, RPLs utilize new ICMPv6 control messages: DODAG Information Object (DIO), Destination Advertisement Object, and DODAG Information Solicitation. DIO is used for advertising information that is used to build and maintain the RPL DODAG. Destination Advertisement Object is required for supporting downward traf-fic toward the leaf nodes. A new node uses DODAG Information Solicitation to request topology information before joining a network. The DODAG root initiates the establishment of the DODAG graph and the construction of the upward routes by broadcasting DIO messages. Upon receiving a DIO message, a node selects the parent to the sender. The node selects a preferred parent based on its parent list, which becomes the default gateway. Upon completion of the DODAG establishment process, every node has an upward default route to the DODAG root; this route is composed of all the preferred parents. When a node wishes to forward a message toward the root, it first attempts to send the message to the preferred parent. If the transmission is unsuccessful, it then attempts to forward the message to any non-preferred parents successively. RPL allows every node in the network to determine 3 whether packets are to be forwarded with upward or downward routes. To support downward routing, either non-storing mode or storing mode is used. In non-storing mode, each packet contains the route. In storing mode, all forwarding nodes must maintain routing tables to know where to send packets.

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